Natural Rights and Political Philosophy

These flashcards cover key concepts related to natural rights, political philosophy, social contracts, republicanism, and the importance of checks and balances in governance.

Natural Rights

Basic rights everyone is born with, like life, liberty, and property, not given by governments.

Inalienable Rights

Rights that cannot be removed or given up.

Social Contract Theory

Idea that people give up some freedom to a government for protection and order.

State of Nature

Life without government, where people are free but unsafe.

Thomas Hobbes

Philosopher who thought life without government was brutal, and people need to give up most rights for safety.

John Locke

Philosopher who believed people should keep some rights to make sure the government acts responsibly.

Popular Sovereignty

The belief that government power comes from the people's consent.

Republicanism

Government where citizens elect representatives to make decisions for them.

Checks and Balances

A system where government branches watch each other to prevent abuse of power.

Rule of Law

The idea that everyone, even leaders, must follow the law equally.