EXAM 3 : ALL LYMPH SYSTEM

Lymph system functions

Fluid recovery 15%

Immunity

Lipid absorption (lacteals)

Lymph

Fluid

Identical to plasma

no proteins

Lymphatic vessels

Resemble veins

Closed on one end

Right lymphatic duct

Rt arm

side of head

thorax

Thoracic duct

Everything else

Cistern chyli - drains lymph of lower extremity

Exercise significantly increases

Lymphatic return

Natural killer cells

Cancerous

T cells

Cell mediated

Direct

B cells (plasma cells)

Indirect

Humoral immunity

Antibody mediated memory

Primary lymphatic organs

Red bone marrow

Thymus

Form/develop WBC

Secondary lymphatic organs

Lymph nodes

Tonsils

Spleen

Activation

Lymph nodes

Mini detoxification centers

Afferent lymphatic vessels

4

Bringing lymph into node

Efferent lymphatic vessels

1

Leaving node

Germinal center location and function

Cortex

Activation of WBC when we have infection

Cervical lymph nodes

Head

Neck

Axillary lymph nodes

Upper limb

Female breast

Thoracic lymph nodes

Mediastinum

Lungs

Airway

Abdominal lymph nodes

Urinary

Reproductive system

Intestinal/mesentric lymph nodes

Digestive tract

Inguinal lymph nodes

Entire lower limb

Popliteal lymph nodes

Distal to knee

Problamatic lymph

Unilateral

Firm

Painless w/ touch

Palatine tonsils

Strep

Tonsilitis

Pharyngeal tonsils

Covid

Innate immunity

Non-specific

First

Second line

Adaptive immunity

Specific

Third line

Memory b/t cells

Interferons

Chemical released by infected cells

Warns neighboring cells and protects

Complement system and 3 pathways

Globulins circulate separately and inactively in blood

Classical

Aleternative

Lectin

Classical pathway

Specific

Antigen-Antibody complex

Alternative pathway

Nonspecific

Lectin pathway

Specific

Carbohydrates

Perforins

Come together to puncture cell

Granzymes

Creates hypertonic environment which causes water to explode cell

Stages of fever

Onset - temp rises

Stadium - Oscillates

Defervesence - back to normal temp

Inflammation

Prevents infection

Histamine

important in short spurts

Margination

Adhere to blood vessel walls (vasodilation)

Diapedesis

Leukocytes leave n go into tissue

Increased capillary permeability

Chemotaxis

Secretion of chemicals by injured tissue to attract WBC to the air

Natural active immunity

Natural exposure to the antigen

Artificial active immunity

Vaccine

Natural passive immunity

Pregnancy

Artificially passive immunity

Shot

Temporary immunity

IgG (most common)

Natural passive immunity

Goes to fetus

Secondary immune response

IgM

Primary immune response

IgE

Allergy

Tissue damage

IgA

Mucus

Saliva

Tears

4 classes of T cells

Cytotoxic - attack

Helper - promote

Regulatory - severity

Memory - improve immune response to second exposure

Cellular/humoral immunity 3 stages

Recognition

Attack

Memory

Co-stimulation

APC presents antigen to T cell agree to destroy

B cell destroying antigen, what does plasma cell produce

Antibody

Primary response _______ for first antibody, _______ for maximum level

3 days

2 weeks

Secondary response _____ for first antibody, ______ for maximum level (Quicker/stronger response)

3 hours

5 days

Type I

Allergic reaction

Type II

Blood transfusion

Type III

Autoimmune disease

Type IV

Poisin ivy

Immunodeficiency disease

HIV

Kaposi sarcoma

Every IG protein has 3 regions in common

Heavy chain

Light chain

Constant region

Variable region (What makes each antibody unique)

Antigen binding site