Medical/Surgical Nursing: Cardiovascular - Bleeding Disorders

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and definitions related to bleeding disorders and coagulation disorders discussed in the lecture.

Coagulation Disorders

Conditions that affect the blood's ability to form clots properly.

Hemostasis

The process that prevents and stops bleeding, or hemorrhage, by the coagulation of blood.

Thrombocytopenia

A condition characterized by a low platelet count, which can lead to increased bleeding risk.

Petechiae

Small red or purple spots on the body, caused by bleeding under the skin, often associated with platelet disorders.

DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)

A serious coagulation disorder that results from abnormal blood clotting throughout the small blood vessels.

Von Willebrand’s Disease

An inherited bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of von Willebrand factor, leading to impaired platelet adhesion.

Hemophilia A

A hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of clotting factor VIII.

Hemophilia B

A hereditary bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency of clotting factor IX.

Thrombocytopenic Purpura

A condition where platelet destruction is increased, which may be drug-induced or due to immune responses.

Clinical Manifestations of Thrombocytopenia

Signs such as petechiae, ecchymosis, and bleeding from mucous membranes due to low platelet counts.

Corticosteroid therapy

A treatment used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response in conditions like thrombocytopenia.

Prognosis of ITP

Independent on the underlying cause; treatment may involve corticosteroids or splenectomy.

Factors VIII and IX

Clotting factors that are deficient or absent in persons with hemophilia.

Medical Management of DIC

Includes treating the underlying cause and may involve administering clotting factors and anticoagulants.

Patient Teaching for Hemophilia

Involves genetic counseling, avoiding certain medications, and recognizing signs of bleeds.

Essential Nursing Interventions for Coagulation Disorders

Monitoring vital signs, reporting symptoms accurately, and implementing safety measures to prevent trauma.