Electronegativity and Atomic Interactions
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7 Terms
Electronegativity
The ability of an atom to pull electrons toward itself in a bond
Valence electrons
Outermost electrons of an atom involved in bonding
Why do atoms bond?
Atoms bond to fill their outermost shell, making them stable.
Ionic bonds
What is the electronegativity difference?
What happens to the electrons in the bond?
Electronegativity difference is greater than 2.0
One atom fully takes electrons another and the atoms become ions.
Covalent bonds (nonpolar)
What is the electronegativity difference?
What happens to the electrons in the bond?
Electronegativity difference is less than 0.5
The atoms share electrons equally. Molecules are balanced, no charged areas.
Polar covalent bonds
What is the electronegativity difference?
What happens to the electrons in the bond?
Electronegativity difference is between 0.5 and 2.0
Atoms still share electrons, but unequally.
Polar molecule
Definition
What common molecule is polar?
Definition: A molecule with a partially negative and partially positive side
Example: H2O
