nutrition final

how many calories are in carbs

4 cal/gram

how many calories are in protein

4 cal/gram

how many calories are in lipids

9 cal/gram

how many calories are in alcohol

7 cal/gram

hunger

there is more in the slideshow

satiety

the feeling of satisfaction and fullness after a meal that inhibits eating until next meal

appetite

psychological need to eat that occurs i respose to sight, smell, thought, taste of food

the total amount of energy used by the body is categorized by

normal body functions (basal metabolism), physical activity, thermic effect of food (TEF)

normal body functions (basal metabolism)

the energy expended to maintain an awake, resting body that’s not digesting

• 60-75% of total energy is used on basal metabolism

• BMR

  • higher in men than in women

  • lower when caloric intake is lower than body’s need

BMR

rate of energy expendeture

physical activity

the energy we expend in physical activity includes both planned exercise and daily activities

• NEAT

  • NEAT usually accounts for the majority of energy expended in activity, not physical activity

• depends on size of person, strenuous level of activity, length of time

thermic effect of food (TEF)

energy used to digest food, absorb, metabolize, and store nutrients

• TEF is estimated at abt 10% of total energy expenditure

• fat is the one with least expenditure, protein has the most

what factors influence weight

genetics, age, lifestyle, eating patterns, activity levels, environment

adolescent growth (assessing body weight and growth)

• growth charts track trends overtime

• want to grow at a consistent rate, don’t want to jump percentiles

body weight

sum of weight of fat and lean body mass

lean body mass

mass of nonfat body parts

body mass index (BMI)

preferred weight for height standard

BMI calculation

classifications of underweight/overweight/healthy/obese

morbid/extreme obesity = >40

body composition

the relative proportions of fat and lean tissue that make up body

• has a larger impact on health than body weight

  • excess weight is only part of the story

there is more in the slideshow

recommended percent body fat: _____% of total weight for a young, healthy female

about 21-32

recommended percent body fat: _____% of total weight for a young, healthy male

8-19

with ___ body mass decreases, and _____ ______ increases

age, body fat

visceral fat is located

around organs in the abdominal areas

visceral fat ___ healthy risk

increases

visceral fat makes the body ____ shaped

apple

subcutaneous fat is located

under skin, thighs, lower body

subcutaneous fat _______ health risk

does not increase

subcutaneous fat makes the body ___ shaped

pear