CONCLUSIONS

Piliavin

• a person who is ill is more likely to receive help than a person who is drunk, in an emergency

• men are more likely to help than women during an emergency situations

Milgram

• people appear to be more obedient to an authority figure than we might expected

• When people are given orders to act destructively, they will experience high levels of stress and tension

Perry

• Oxytocin affects preferred interpersonal distance dependent on level of empathy

• People need less personal space between themselves with their close friends than they need with strangers.

Bandura:

• Witnessing an aggressive act is enough to produce aggressive act in a person who observe it

• Children will reproduce aggressive behaviours where there is no observed adults/model.

• Children are more likely to imitate aggression of the same sex adult.

Fagen

• juvenile and free-contact, traditionally trained elephants can be trained to participate in a trunk wash using only SPR training

• SPR training can be carried out with the volunary participants of elephants, avoiding punishment, in order to produce reliable results.

Saavedrea and sikveman

• evaluative learning is useful way of understanding the role of disgust in childhood-specific phobias.

• while exposure therapy may be helpful in treating fear-based phobias, disgust-based phobias may require imagery exposure, which can be more effective in targeting emotions such as disgust.

Baron cohen

• The revised eye test replicated the findings of the original eye tests

• neuro-typical females are able to judge emotions better than neuro-typical males

• male are more likely to develop autistic tendencies than females

• The AQ test and the eyes test are inversely/negatively correlated.

Andrade

• Doodling can improve concentration when listening, even when the task is boring as it increase arousal/attention/ or decrease day dreaming

• People can pay attention to information even when engaged in dual-task processing

• People concentrate better when allowed doodling as it stops them getting distratced.

Pozzulo

• Children make mistake in target-absent line up sue to social factor/pressure rather than faulty cognitive processing.

• As predicted, the children are less accurate than adults when faced with unfamiliar human faces, and more prone to giving false positive responses.

Hassett:

• Toy preference (in monkeys) reflect hormonally influenced behavioural cognitive biases which are affected by social pressures/processes

Holzel

• structural changes in the ROI such as left hippocampus shows an increase in grey matter concentration after an eight-week participation in MBSR

• these tructural changes are also observed in other brain regions such as the posterior cingulate cortext, Temporal-perietal junction and cerebellum. The study did not confirm previous researching findings relating to the insula, and therefore, perhaps changes in this region may require more than eight weeks of practice.

Demement & kleitman

• dreaming occured in REM sleep in distinct episodes throughout the night

• dreaming can be objectively measured by recording REM cycles during sleep

• Eye movements appear to correspond to the content of the dream. This suggests that eye movement purely not random, but are related to dream imagery.

• People can judge the duration of their time in REM with accuracy.