World Politics Exam Two: Security Council, Collective Security, and Human Rights

Vocabulary-style flashcards based on lecture notes covering international relations theories, IGOs, and human rights frameworks.

Liberalism

A theory applied to the idea that UN agencies, like the World Food Program, feed the hungry to lessen the possibility of conflict.

Identity perspective

A perspective illustrated by examples such as China censoring films to control its portrayal or the depiction of Russians as villains in James Bond films during the Cold War.

Democratic backsliding

The process signaled by decreasing independence of judges, challenges for opposition parties in free elections, and constitutional changes to extend power for a head of state.

Multinational corporations

The largest category of non-governmental organizations (NGOs).

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

The organization founded by Henry Dunant during the time of the Geneva Conventions.

P5 members

The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, which include the UK, France, and China.

2014 Russia invasion

The invasion of Crimea in Ukraine, understood as a forerunner to the war in 2022.

Liberal world order

A system formed by IGOs like the UN, IMF, World Bank, and GATT/WTO to provide strong rules, customs, and international law.

End of History

The thesis by Francis Fukuyama which he later admitted underestimated the power of corporations and the possibility of democratic backsliding.

Nuremberg principles

Legal principles that utilized the work of the Hague Conferences and Geneva Conventions to advance international law.

Collective security

A system of rules where nation states that break the law can be ganged up upon and punished with sanctions and or the threat of war.

UN General Assembly

A body of the United Nations where each member nation state has one representative and one vote.

World Health Organization (WHO)

A global specific intergovernmental organization (IGO).

European Union (EU)

A regional multipurpose intergovernmental organization (IGO).

Tariffs

Taxes on import goods and services that have declined greatly since 1945.

Clash of civilizations

Samuel Huntington's concept referring to a perceived innate hostility between peoples with different cultural attributes.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

A 1948 UN General Assembly document that serves as the symbolic baseline for future human rights promotion despite its nonbinding status.

Human security

A concept that focuses on the individual, including physical security from war, economic security from extreme poverty, and the right to human dignity.

R2P

An abbreviation for 'responsibility to protect,' whose successful invocation is essentially controlled by the UN Security Council.

Bretton Woods System

The system created to manage the global economy.

NATO

The security alliance that protected Western Europe from the USSR after 1945; its members include the United States.

Realist

An individual who cares only about self-interest, does not trust anyone, and believes that hard power determines actions in international affairs.

Parliamentary system

A democracy where people vote for representatives who then choose a leader of government, usually called a prime minister.

International Criminal Court (ICC)

An institution sometimes referred to as the 'Court of Last Resort.'

World Bank Group

The organization that promotes development in medium and low income countries with project loans, structural adjustment programs, and advisory services.