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Mean

Average of values calculated as sum of values divided by number of values.

What does Mean measure?

Average of values calculated as sum of values divided by number of values.

Define Mean

Average of values calculated as sum of values divided by number of values.

Mean definition

Average of values calculated as sum of values divided by number of values.

Median

Middle value of a sorted dataset.

What does Median measure?

Middle value of a sorted dataset.

Define Median

Middle value of a sorted dataset.

Median definition

Middle value of a sorted dataset.

Mode

Most frequently occurring value in a dataset.

What does Mode measure?

Most frequently occurring value in a dataset.

Define Mode

Most frequently occurring value in a dataset.

Mode definition

Most frequently occurring value in a dataset.

Range

Difference between the maximum and minimum values.

What does Range measure?

Difference between the maximum and minimum values.

Define Range

Difference between the maximum and minimum values.

Range definition

Difference between the maximum and minimum values.

Variance

Average squared distance of data points from the mean.

What does Variance measure?

Average squared distance of data points from the mean.

Define Variance

Average squared distance of data points from the mean.

Variance definition

Average squared distance of data points from the mean.

Standard Deviation

Square root of variance; measures spread of data in original units.

What does Standard Deviation measure?

Square root of variance; measures spread of data in original unitsDefine Standard Deviation

Standard Deviation definition

Square root of variance; measures spread of data in original units.

Covariance

Measure of how two variables change together.

What does Covariance measure?

Measure of how two variables change together.

Define Covariance

Measure of how two variables change together.

Covariance definition

Measure of how two variables change together.

Correlation

Normalized measure of linear relationship between two variables ranging from -1 to 1.

What does Correlation measure?

Normalized measure of linear relationship between two variables ranging fDefine Correlation

What does Gaussian Distribution measure?

Bell

Gaussian Distribution definition

Bell

What does Outlier measure?

Data point significantly different from other observations.

Define Outlier

Data point significantly different from other observations.

Outlier definition

Data point significantly different from other observations.

Population

Entire group being studied.

What does Population measure?

Entire group being studied.

Define Population

Entire group being studied.

Population definition

Entire group being studied.

Sample

Subset of a population used for analysis.

What does Sample measure?

Subset of a population used for analysis.

Define Sample

Subset of a population used for analysis.

Sample definition

Subset of a population used for analysis.

Sampling Bias

Bias caused when a sample is not representative of the population.

What does Sampling Bias measure?

Bias caused when a sample is not representative of the population.

Define Sampling Bias

Bias caused when a sample is not representative of the population.

Sampling Bias definition

Bias caused when a sample is not representative of the population.

Supervised Learning

Machine learning using labeled training data.

What does Supervised Learning measure?

Machine learning using labeled training data.

Define Supervised Learning

Machine learning using labeled training data.

Supervised Learning definition

Machine learning using labeled training data.

Unsupervised Learning

Machine learning that finds patterns in unlabeled data.

What does Unsupervised Learning measure?

Machine learning that finds patterns in unlabeled data.

Define Unsupervised Learning

Machine learning that finds patterns in unlabeled data.

Unsupervised Learning definition

Machine learning that finds patterns in unlabeled data.

Reinforcement Learning

Learning method where an agent improves through rewards and penalties.

What does Reinforcement Learning measure?

Learning method where an agent improves through rewards and peDefine Reinforcement Learning

Reinforcement Learning definition

Learning method where an agent improves through rewards and penalties.Overfitting

What does Overfitting measure?

Model learns training data too closely and performs poorly on new data.

Define Overfitting

Model learns training data too closely and performs poorly on new data.

Overfitting definition

Model learns training data too closely and performs poorly on new data.

Underfitting

Model is too simple to capture patterns in the data.

What does Underfitting measure?

Model is too simple to capture patterns in the data.

Define Underfitting

Model is too simple to capture patterns in the data.

Underfitting definition

Model is too simple to capture patterns in the data.

Normalization

Scaling numeric data to a fixed range such as 0–1.

What does Normalization measure?

Scaling numeric data to a fixed range such as 0–1.

Define Normalization

Scaling numeric data to a fixed range such as 0–1.

Normalization definition

Scaling numeric data to a fixed range such as 0–1.

Standardization

Scaling data to have mean 0 and standard deviation 1.

What does Standardization measure?

Scaling data to have mean 0 and standard deviation 1.

Define Standardization

Scaling data to have mean 0 and standard deviation 1.

Standardization definition

Scaling data to have mean 0 and standard deviation 1.

Feature

Individual measurable property used as input for a model.

What does Feature measure?

Individual measurable property used as input for a model.

Define Feature

Individual measurable property used as input for a model.

Feature definition

Individual measurable property used as input for a model.

Feature Engineering

Process of creating useful input variables for a model.

What does Feature Engineering measure?

Process of creating useful input variables for a model.

Define Feature Engineering

Process of creating useful input variables for a model.

Feature Engineering definition

Process of creating useful input variables for a model.

Training Set

Data used to train a machine learning model.

What does Training Set measure?

Data used to train a machine learning model.

Define Training Set

Data used to train a machine learning model.

Training Set definition

Data used to train a machine learning model.

Test Set

Data used to evaluate a trained model.

What does Test Set measure?

Data used to evaluate a trained model.

Define Test Set

Data used to evaluate a trained model.

Test Set definition

Data used to evaluate a trained model.

Validation Set

Data used to tune model parameters during training.

What does Validation Set measure?

Data used to tune model parameters during training.

Define Validation Set

Data used to tune model parameters during training.

Validation Set definition

Data used to tune model parameters during training.

Precision

True positives divided by all predicted positives.

What does Precision measure?

True positives divided by all predicted positives.

Define Precision

True positives divided by all predicted positives.

Precision definition

True positives divided by all predicted positives.

Recall

True positives divided by all actual positives.

What does Recall measure?

True positives divided by all actual positives.

Define Recall

True positives divided by all actual positives.

Recall definition

True positives divided by all actual positives.