Science ok sus

Static Electricity

The build-up of electric charge on a source

Valence electrons

The outermost electrons of an atom, these require the least amount of force to be freed from an atom

Conductors

Elements with high conductivity, which have very mobile electrons. Examples are, copper, sliver, and gold

Insulators

Elements with low conductivity, they prevent the flow of electrons, examples are glass, rubber, plastic and air

Current electricity

Deals with the orderly flow of charge

Energy Source

The power source, supplies the electrons in the wire with the energy that is needed to move them around the circuit

Conducting Pathway

The wires, connect everything together allowing the movement of the electrons and the flow of current

Energy User

The load, objects and devices convert the energy that the electrons are delivering to them into another form of energy

Battery

Two terminals, positive and negative, inside are electrons that use a chemical reaction to forcefully sort them. It forces electrons to the negative terminal and strips them from the positive terminal leaving it empty. Also does not create new electrons into the circuit it provides the “push” to move electrons.

Voltage

The measurement of potential energy. Tells exactly how much “pushing force” the batter has to move those electrons through the wire. Measured in Volts

Potential energy

The difference between the electrons in the negative terminal to the positive terminal.

Short Circuit

Connect a copper wire from the negative terminal to the positive terminal with nothing in between

Load

Forces electrons to transform their potential energy into light or motion safely

The circuit

A closed, never-ending loop of conductive material like copper wire, cannot have any insulating gaps in them, any break in an electric circuit stops the flow for electrons and stops them from delivering their energy

Series Circuit

Electrons have no choices; the current must flow through every single component in a single loop to return to the source. Battery voltage must be shared across. If one component breaks, it creates a physical gap, and the whole circuit stops working

Parallel Circuit

The main pathway splits into junctions. The flow of electrons divides, taking different routes to get back to the battery. Each branch receives the full voltage of the batter

Electrostatic Force

The actual, physical push or pull created by charges interacting

The Golden rule

Like charges push apart. Opposite charges pull together

Conduction

Happens when electrons move from one object to another through direct contact. Mobile electrons take the first chance they get to go where they are most needed

Induction

Charging an object without actually touching it, causing a charge separation sim