MUSIC 0311 Overview 2

Akan music is practiced in ______ (modern country) and is closely tied to political authority and ceremony.

Ghana

Akan society is ______, meaning lineage is traced through the mother.

Matrilineal

The Akan ruler is called a ______, a title emphasizing political authority equal to kings.

Nana

The language ______ is tonal, meaning pitch changes meaning and allows drums to mimic speech.

Twi

The ______ drum is known as the “talking drum” because it imitates tonal speech patterns.

Atumpan

The ______ is the iron bell that plays a constant timeline pattern in Akan music.

Dawuro

The ______ drum leads the ensemble and signals structural changes.

From

The ______ drum is one of the supporting drums in the Fontomfrom ensemble.

Eguankoba

The repeating rhythmic pattern played by the dawuro is called the ______ pattern.

Bell (timeline)

All other parts relate to this dawuro pattern to create ______.

Polyrhythm

Akan ensemble texture is ______, meaning multiple independent rhythmic lines occur simultaneously.

Polyphonic

This polyphonic texture in akan ensemble is built through ______ ______.

Layered ostinato

Akan music features drum parts interacting like speech create a ______ musical structure.

Conversational

West African music often includes ______, meaning spontaneous variation within structure.

Improvisation

In Akan tradition. valued musical aesthetic is ______ variety, meaning diversity of tone color.

Timbral

The Akan dance associated with royal drumming is ______ ______.

Manhyia Kete

The Mande Empire was founded by ______ ______.

Sunjata Keita

Mande hereditary musicians are called ______ or ______.

Jeli; Griot

The practice of their music is called ______.

Jeliya

Important jeli family names include ______, ______, and ______.

Kouyaté; Diabaté; Sissoko

The Mande cloth tradition is called ______.

Bógólanfini

The ______ is a 22-string harp-lute central to Mande music.

Kora

The ______ is a xylophone-like instrument (idiophone).

Bala

The ______ (or koni) is a plucked lute.

Ngoni

The foundational repeating pattern in kora playing is ______.

Kumbengo

Virtuosic melodic flourishes are ______.

Birimintingo

Forceful praise singing is called ______.

Sataro

The blending of musical traditions is called ______.

Syncretism

The song “Kaira” is associated with ______ politics and identity.

Malian independence

Daniel Jatta linked the ______ instrument to the origins of the banjo.

Akonting

His playing method is called the ______ technique.

O’teck

The Shona people are located in ______ (modern country).

Zimbabwe

The former colonial name of Zimbabwe was ______.

Rhodesia

A Shona religious ceremony involving music and spirit possession is called a ______ ______.

Bira ceremony

The main instrument used is the ______.

Mbira

The gourd rattle providing steady pulse is the ______.

Hosho

In mbira music, ______ means “to lead” and ______ means “to follow.”

Kushaura; Kutsinhira

These are ______, meaning roles shift dynamically rather than being fixed.

Verbs

The one-string chordophone used in Shona music is ______.

Nkokwane

The leader of Rhodesia was ______ ______.

Ian Smith

The leader of Zimbabwe after independence was ______ ______.

Robert Mugabe

The genre of resistance music in Zimbabwe is ______.

Chimurenga

Thomas Mapfumo translated mbira patterns into ______ instruments.

Electric band instruments

The concept of “Black music” refers to music shaped by ______ cultural experience and identity.

African American

Intersectionality refers to overlapping ______ that shape musical experience.

Identities

Mellonee Burnim defined Black music through sound quality, ______, and ______.

Technique; Delivery

Amiri Baraka described Black music as the “______ ______.”

Changing Same

Burnim’s three streams are ______, ______, and ______.

Sacred; Secular vocal; Secular instrumental

Portia Maultsby described Black music as a ______ tour through history and style.

Guided

Spirituals are associated with ______ music traditions.

Sacred

The blues is a ______ genre expressing personal and social experience.

Secular

Rural blues features ______ guitar and solo voice.

Acoustic

Urban blues features ______ instruments and band settings.

Electric

Classic blues features ______ performers and vaudeville settings.

Female

Minstrelsy was a ______ performance tradition involving racist caricatures.

Racist

The use of dark makeup in performance is called ______.

Blackface

W.C. Handy is known as the “______ of the Blues.”

Father

Race records were a ______ category used to market music to Black audiences.

Marketing

They both ______ Black music and helped preserve it.

Exploited

A ______ is a pre-blues musician performing multiple styles.

Songster

A ______ ______ is a small ensemble with fiddle, banjo, and guitar.

String band

Kabupaten refers to a ______ administrative region in Indonesia.

Local district

Degung is a gamelan genre from ______ Java associated with aristocratic culture.

West

The main scale used in Degung is ______ ______.

Pelog Degung

The solmization system used is ______.

Daminatila

The ______ marks the end of a gong cycle.

Goong

The ______ punctuates important moments in the cycle.

Jengglong

The ______ leads the ensemble melodically.

Bonang

The ______ is a high-pitched metallophone.

Peking

The ______ controls tempo and transitions.

Kendang

The ______ is a bamboo flute providing melodic elaboration.

Suling

Sekar alit are ______ pieces with cyclic structure.

Small

Sekar agung are ______ pieces with non-cyclic phrasing.

Large

Stratified polyphony means ______ instruments play faster than ______ ones.

Higher; lower

Heterophony means instruments play ______ versions of the same melody.

Simultaneous variations

Kecak is a ______ gamelan using only voices.

Voice

Kecak uses ______ ______, a three-part interlocking rhythm.

Kilitan telu

Kilitan telu represents ______ interdependence.

Communal

Kecak enacts scenes from the ______.

Ramayana

Kecak originates from the ______ ______ trance ritual.

Sanghyang Dedari

Beleganjur music has ______ main contexts or periods.

Three

Beleganjur's origin story involves transformation from ______ to ______ forces.

Evil; protective

Beleganjur instruments include ______, ______, ______, and ______.

Ceng-ceng; reyong; gong agung; kendang

The rhythmic cycle used is the ______ pattern.

Gilak

Paired tuning in Balinese music is called ______, involving ______ and ______ instruments.

Ombak; penembang; pengisep

The Balinese cosmological system is ______.

Triloka

The cremation ceremony is ______.

Ngaben

Lomba beleganjur is a ______ setting emphasizing performance and competition.

Contest

Kreasi beleganjur emphasizes ______, ______, and ______.

Innovation; virtuosity; showmanship

Gerak refers to ______ movement in performance.

Choreographed

Global gamelan refers to gamelan as a ______ musical tradition beyond Indonesia.

Worldwide

Lou Harrison composed gamelan music by ______ traditional forms.

Studying

Philip Corner composed using a ______ approach.

Process-based

I Wayan Sadra explored ______ identity across traditions.

Hybrid

Rahayu Supanggah explored ______ limitations in collaboration.

Collaborative

Hindustani music refers to ______ Indian classical music.

North

Carnatic music refers to ______ Indian classical music.

South

Ravi Shankar was a master of the ______ instrument.

Sitar

The Mughal Empire influenced ______ music traditions.

Hindustani

A rag is defined by scale, ornaments, improvisation rules, compositions, and ______.

Extra-musical associations