Vitamin Overview and Deficiencies

These flashcards cover the key vitamins, their roles, deficiency symptoms, and food sources.

Thiamin

ka: Vitamin B1

Part of thiamin

pyrophosphate

(TPP) enzyme in

energy

metabolism

- Brain damage

- Beriberi: disease

with muscle

weakness,

cardiovascular

damage and edema

- Deficiency

common in alcohol

abuse

- No Tolerable

Upper Intake

Level (UL)

Pork, whole

grains,

beans, nuts,

enriched

grains

Riboflavin

Aka: Vitamin B2, coenzyme in energy metabolism.

Niacin

Aka: Vitamin B3, part of coenzyme involved in energy metabolism (NAD and NADH).

Biotin

Aka: Vitamin B7, part of coenzyme for energy metabolism.

Pantothenic acid

Aka: Vitamin B5, part of coenzyme A in energy metabolism.

Vitamin B6

Part of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) coenzyme, active in many metabolic reactions.

Folate

Aka: Vitamin B9, coenzyme in energy metabolism, important for producing red blood cells.

Vitamin B12

Aka: cobalamin, coenzyme to activate folate, maintains nerve sheath.

Vitamin C

Aka: Ascorbic Acid, antioxidant important for collagen synthesis and immune function.

Vitamin A

Aka: Retinol, helps with vision, precursors include Beta-Carotene.

Vitamin D

Aka: calciferol, acts as hormone for bone growth, can be made by the body from cholesterol.

Vitamin E

Aka: alpha-tocopherol, an antioxidant that prevents polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation.

Vitamin K

Aka: phylloquinone, plays a crucial role in blood clotting and bone formation.