Rat's Organ

Features that are common to all mammals

1. Hair

2. Mammary glands

3. Bilateral symmetry

4. Internal develop of young

Small intestine

• Held together by mesentery

• Main functions are digestion and absorption

2 types of digestion in small intestine

• Mechanical digestion caused by peristalsis

• Chemical digestion using a secretion called acid chyme

• Responsible for the chemical digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids

Small intestine is made up of….

Villi and Microvilli

Large intestine

• Reabsorb water and electrolytes

• Home of E. coli bacteria, help digest the food we eat

Type of digestion of Large intestine

• Mechanical digestion caused by peristalsis

Caecum

• To house bacteria that aid in the digestion of cellulose

Stomach

• Mechanical digestion caused by muscular contractions of stomach wall

• Chemical digestion using gastric juices

  • Digest protein

• Two sphincters to control the passage of food

Pancreas

• Glandular organ

• Aid in the chemical digestion of food in small intestine

• Neutralize acid chyme from the stomach

• Regulates blood sugar by triggering insulin and glucagon

Liver

• Synthesis of plasma proteins and clotting factors

• Production of bile

• Excretion of hormones, toxins, and cholesterol

Kidneys

• Maintaining water balance in our body

• Major organ of excretion

• Filter the blood and form urine by using the nephron

Bladder

Sphincters of bladder control the release of urine

Adrenal gland

• Endocrine glands

• Produce adrenaline, cortisol

Diaphragm

• The muscle of respiration is responsible for exhalation and inhalation

• Separating the abdominal cavity and the thoracic cavity

Trachea

• Responsible for air filtration and brings air to the bronchi

Mouth

• Mechanical digestion from chewing

• Chemical digestion by the saliva

• Saliva neutralizes food and prevents tooth decay.