Atoms and periodic table

How did JJ Thomson discover the negatively charged particles in an atom

Experimenting with gas discharge tubes

Describe Ernest Rutherford experiment and what is the significance of his experiment.

He used a thin sheet of gold foil to shoot alpha particles at foil. The significance showed atoms are made of small positive nucleus.

Proton

positively charged particle

Location of proton

nucleus (+)

Neutron

A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

Electron

A subatomic particle that has a negative charge and found outside the nucleus

What is the atomic number of nitrogen

7

What information does the atomic number of an atom provide?

The charge

Atoms are identified by the number of

protons

Which subatomic particles make up the major portion of an atoms mass

Protons and neutrons

How many valence electrons does carbon have?

4 valence electrons

Valence electrons in oxygen

6 valence electrons

If you change the protons...

you change the element

If you change the electrons...

you change the charge and it is the same element

If you change neutrons

It is the same element but heavier

Isotopes are atoms of the same element and have the same number of

Protons but different numbers of neutrons

Ions are atoms of the same element that have the same number of \_________ but different numbers of \___________

Protons and electrons

What happens to the number of protons in the nucleus when this occurs?

Decreases

What happens to the number of electrons in the nucleus when this occurs?

Increases

What happens to the number of neutrons in the nucleus when this occurs?

Stays the same

An atom of nitrogen becomes N3-. When this occurs the nitrogen atom

Loses electrons

Elements considered alkaline earth metals

Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra

Elements considered halogens

F, Cl, Br, I, At

Elements considered noble gases

B, C, N, O, Si, P, S, As, Se, Te

What group are halogens found

Group 17

What group is a metalloid found in

15

The majority of elements in the periodic table are

metals

Why did Dmitri Mendeleev use the word "periodic" to name the periodic table or elements

It means they repeat themselves

What are the properties of metals?

Shiny solids, conductors of heat and electricity

What are the properties of non-metals?

Gases, solids (carbon), or liquid (bromine) at room temperature

What are the properties of metalloids?

properties of both metals and nonmetals

What are the properties of halogens

Solid, liquid, gas

What are the properties of alkali metals

Shiny, soft like butter, highly reactive with halogens

Properties of noble gases

nonreactive gases, stable

Ductile

can be drawn into wires

Ductile elements

Alkali earth metals

malleable

able to be hammered or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking or cracking.

Malleable elements

Transition metals