50. Causes, symptoms and treatment of chronic laryngitis.

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Last updated 4:33 PM on 6/1/26
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9 Terms

1
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define Chronic non-specific laryngitis

  • Defined as >2 week inflammatory changes in laryngeal mucosa

2
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what is the etiology of chronic laryngitis

  • Repeated attacks of acute laryngitis
  • Chronic irritants (dust, smoke, chemical fume)
  • Chronic voice strain
  • Chronic rhinosinusitis, tracheitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis
  • Esophageal disorders: GERD, Zenker’s diverticulum, hiatus hernia
  • Systemic: allergy, hypothyroidism, Addison’s disease
3
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what are the clinical signs of chronic laryngitis

  • Chronic dysphonia, globus sensation
  • Hoarseness, frequent throat clearing, dry cough
  • NO laryngeal pain!
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how do you diagnose chronic laryngitis

  • History  
  • Laryngoscopy -> vocal cords are erythematous, thickened with ulceration/granuloma and/or cobblestone appearance with leukoplakia and exophytic keratosis
  • Biopsy -> rule out malignancy!
5
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what is the treatment of chronic laryngitis

  • Avoid offending irritants
  • Treat related disorders
  • Speech therapy with voice rest
  • Antibiotics, corticosteroids, mucolytics, antitussives
6
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define Gastroesophageal reflux laryngitis (GERL)

  • Also known as posterior laryngitis
  • Special form of chronic laryngitis caused by the chronic reflux of gastric acid into the esophagus, pharynx and larynx
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what are the clinical signs of GERL

  • Intractable hoarseness
  • Globus sensation
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how do you diagnose GERL

  • History
  • Laryngoscopy -> posterior larynx is erythematous and edematous with tissue proliferation
  • Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and 24 hour pH-metry
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what is the treatment of GERL

  • Proton pump inhibitors