Female (Yul's) Reproductive System

RT201 Body Systems Topic 8

HOW THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM WORKS

The female reproductive system produces the female reproductive cell, or sex cell, secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone, and provide the conditions to establish a pregnancy, together with providing a safe place for the pregnancy to develop and grow. The female reproductive system

Reproduction

achieved by the union of the female reproduction cell, an ovum, and the male reproductive cell, a spermatozoon (sperm), resulting fertilization

Ovaries

two almond shaped glands, located on either side of the uterus in the pelvic cavity

Ovaries have two functions

1. Release mature ovum each month in a process of ovulation

2. Produce and secrete the sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone

Adnexa

Fallopian tubes and ovaries, or accessory organs of the uterus

Fallopian tubes

lead from each ovary to the uterus. The ovum, after its release, is caught up by fimbriae, the fingerlike projections at the end of the fallopian tube. The tube is lined with small hairs that, through their motion, sweep the ovum in a process that takes approximately five days to allow that ovum to pass through the fallopoian tube. Fertilization takes place within the fallopian tube if spermatozoa is present

Fimbriae

fingerlike projections at the end of the fallopian tube that catch the ovum after its release

The passage of the ovum through the fallopian tube

takes approximately five days and is aided by small hairs lining the tube

Fertilization

takes place within the fallopian tube if spermatozoa is present

The uterus

pear shaped, with muscular walls and a mucous membrane lining with a rich supply of blood vessels

Fundus

The upper rounded portion of the uterus

Corpus or body

The large central portion of the uterus

Pregnancy

grows within the body and fundus of the uterus

Endometrium

The epithelial mucosa of the uterus

UTERUS

is muscular with a soft lining located between the bladder and the rectum. It is pear shaped, with muscular walls and a mucous membrane lining with a rich supply of blood vessels.

Introitus

The entrance to the vagina

Clitoris

situated in front of the vaginal opening and the urethral meatus

Bartholin’s glands

two small glands on each side of the vaginal opening that produce a mucous secretion that lubricates the vagina

Perineum

The region between the vaginal opening and the anus

Vulva

The external genitalia (organs of reproduction) of the female are together called the:

Labia majora

the outer lips of the vagina

Labia minora

the smaller inner lips

Hymen

a mucous membrane partially covering the entrance to the vagina

Clitoris and Bartholin’s glands

also part of the vulva

VAGINA

The external genitalia (organs of reproduction) of the female are together called the vulva. The labia majora are the outer lips of the vagina, and the labia minora are the smaller inner lips. The hymen is a mucuos membrane partially covering the entrance to the vagina. The clitoris and Bartholin’s glands are also part of the vulva.

Nipple

a protrusion at the center of each breast

Areola

the pigmented area surrounding the nipple

Glandular lobe

each one inside the breast contains a milk duct that leads to the opening of the nipple

MAMMARY GLANDS

commonly called breasts, are milk producing glands that serve as accessory organs of reproduction. Externally, at the center of each breast is a protrusion called the nipple, which is surrounded by a pigmented area caled the areola. Each glandular lobe inside the breast contains milk duct that leads to the opening of the nipple.

genitoplasty

surgical repair of the reproductive organs

gyn/o

woman, female

gynoplasty

surgical repair of the female reproductive system

gon/o

genitals

rrhea

discharge

gonorrhea

type of genital infection

gynec/o

woman, female

gynecology

study of the female reproductive system

men/o

menstruation

menopause

cessation of menstruation

cervic/o

cervix

cervical

pertaining to the cervix

endometri/o

endometrium

endometriosis

growth of endometrial tissue out of uterus

colp/o

vagina

colposcopy

visual examination of vagina

episi/o

vulva

epsisotomy

surgical incision in the vulva

hyster/o

uterus

hysterectomy

surgical removal of the uterus

metr/o

uterus

metropathy

any disease of the uterus

o/o

ovum; egg

oocyte

a developing ovum

oophor/o

ovaries

oophritis

inflammation of an ovary

ov/o

ovum;egg

ovoid

resembling an egg

ovari/o

ovaries

ovarian

pertaining to an ovary

ovul/o

ovum

ovulation

process of discharging an ovum

perine/o

perineum

perineal

pertaining to the perineum

salping/o, -salpinx

fallopian tube

salpingectomy

surgical removal of a fallopian tube

uter/o

uterus

uterine

pertaining to the uterus

vagin/o

vagina

vulv/o

vulva

vulvopathy

any disease of a vulva

galact/o

milk

mast/o

breast

mammography

x - ray recording of breast

mastitis

inflammation of the breast

mamm/o

breast

breast mastitis

inflammation of the breast

-arche

beginning

menarche

first menstrual period

-version

turning

retroversion

tipping back of an organ

Ante-

Before

Dys-

Painful, Difficult

Endo-

Within

Hydro-

Water

Intra-

Within

Multi-

Many

Neo-

New

Nulli-

None

Peri-

Around

Primi-

First

Secundi-

Second

-arche

Beginning

-cyesis

pregnancy

-ectomy

surgical removal of

-itis

Inflammation

-optosis

Sagging

-orrhaphy

suture

-orrhea

Discharge, flow

-oscopy

Visual examination

-otomy

Incision into