Urdu sentences

Was/were sentences

Ends in tha thi thay theen

Is/are/am

Ends in hain / hai

What are the 6 categories that change aa/ee sounds to ay

1. when we talk about or to an older male

2. When we talk directly to a young male

3. When we talk about or to a group of males

4. When we talk about or to a mixed group

5. When we conjugate it with a preposition

6. When making a aa male singular noun plural

Pluralising a male noun

If aa sound change to ay

No aa sound, keep it the same and changed related words to ay

Pluralising a female noun

If ends in ee sound then change to aan and related words end in ee

If no ee sound then change to en and related words in ee

Possessive (Bilal’s)

Replace ‘s with of

Bilal’s = Bilal ka

Meena’s = Meena ki

Your

Of you aap ka / aap ki / aap kay

tumhara / tumhari / tumharay

Present Simple Tense

Routine / habit / hobbies

I go, we wake up, he eats, she cooks

How to form PST

Use suffixes ta/ti/tay/teen and end in hun/hai/hain

Happens to be

Trends/ reoccurring/ generally/ naturally

Use hota/hoti/hotay/hoteen

Past habitual tense

Used to

Use ta/ti/tay/theen and tha/thi/thay/theen

Present Cont.tense

Ing

Use raha/rahi/rahay/raheen and hun/hai/hain

Past cont. tense

was/were ing

Use raha/rahi/rahay/raheen and tha/thi/thay/theen

Future tense

will/shall

oonga/oongy/engay/engy/ayga/aygy/ogay/

ogy

Oonga

Male talks about himself

Oongy

Female talks about herself

Engay

Talk about/to elder male, group males, mix group, male plural nouns

Engy

Talk about/to elder female, group females, female plural nouns

Ayga

Talk about a young male or male singular nouns

Aygy

Talk about young female, female singular noun

Ogay

Talk to young male

Ogy

Talk to young female

Will be

to be - ho

Ho + oonga - hounga

Ho + oongy - houngy

Ho + engay - hongay

Ho + engy - hongy

Ho + ayga - hoga

Ho + agy - hogy

Past simple tense

1. Transitive verbs - can answer what

2. Intransitive verbs - cannot answer what

Transitive verbs

Subject nay object verbal stem aa/ee/ay/een/ya

hun/hai/hain ( if recent past)

tha/thi/thay/theen (if distant past)

List possible subjects for transitive verbs

Mein nay

Hum nay

Aap nay

Tum nay

Bilal nay

Iss nay

Uss nay

Inhon nay

Unhon nay

What verb is always transitive

Verbs with kar

Kar aa - kiya

Kar ee - ki

Kar ay - kiay

Kar een - keen

Intransitive verbs

Subject object verbal stem aa/ee/ay/een/ya and hun/hai/hain or tha/thi/thay/theen

Which verbs are mostly intransitive

Movement verbs go, reach, arrive, sit, jump

Emotions

Intransitive Go

Gaya

Gayi

Gaay

Gaeen

Intransitive to be

Hua

Hui

Huay

Hueen