Mine - Medicine Dates

Galen made a precise record of plague symptoms

AD167

Roger Bacon imprisoned

1277

less than 100 people were physicians

1300

Black Death unusual planet alignment

1345

The Black Death

1348

12 teams of London rakers

by 1370s

Gutenberg invented printing press in Europe

1450

Henry VIII shut down hospitals (Catholic)

1536

Paracelsus published the Pharmacopoeia Londinensis

1618

Vesalius ‘On The Fabric Of The Human Body’

1543

Vesalius’s work used in Cambridge

1560

First dissection in Cambridge

1565

Harvey ‘An Anatomical Account of the Motion of the Heart and Blood’

1628

Thomas Sydenham, Royal Society

1660s

First Royal Society meeting

1660

Royal Charter

1662

Philosophical Transactions

1665

Unusual planet position

Oct 1664

The Great Plague (peaked in September)

1665

Sydenham ‘Observations Medicae’

1676

35,000 smallpox deaths, first Jenner vaccine

1796

Jenner published ‘Vaccination Against Smallpox’

1798

1st Cholera outbreak

1832

2nd Cholera outbreak, 1st Public Health Act (rejected 1847)

1848

Black surgery period

1850-70

3rd Cholera outbreak

1854 (1)

4th Cholera outbreak

1865

2nd Public Health Act

1875

Edwin Chadwick published ‘Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Classes’

1842

James Simpson discovers chloroform

1847

The Vaccination Act

1853

Compulsory for all to be vaccinated

After 1 Aug 1853

2/3 of babies were vaccinated

1860

Vaccination Act amendments

1867, 1871, 1873, 20th century

Pasteur presented experiments proving decay is caused by germs

1861

Pasteur isolated the microbe for chicken cholera, published his Germ Theory of Infection

1878

Bacteria that causes tuberculosis (Koch)

1882

Bacteria that causes Cholera and Diptheria (Koch and inspired)

1883

John Snow discovered broad street pump causing cholera

1854

John Snow’s cholera theories proved

1884

pneumonia, meningitis, plague, tetanus

Next 20 years

Rabies vaccine (Pasteur)

1885

Typhoid vaccine

1896

First tests for TB vaccine

1921

Diptheria vaccine

1920s

Davy laughing gas

1799

carbolic acid used as antiseptic (Lister)

1865

ether used as an anaesthetic

1842

Chloroform used by James Simpson

1847

Queen Victoria used chloroform in childbirth

1853

Nightingale goes to Crimea

1854

Nightingale’s ‘Notes on Nursing’

1859

Nightingale set up The Nightingale’s School for Nurses

1860

Nightingales ‘Notes on Hospitals’

1863

Magic bullet Salvarsan 606 being used

1910

National Insurance Act

1911

Fleming discovered mould which grew on staphylococcus

1928

Fleming published his discovery

1929

Electron microscope

1931

Florey and Chain penicillin experiment

1941

Hodgkin mapped the chemical structure of penicillin

1945

Sheehan created a copy of penicillin to be made in a lab

1957

NHS invented

July 1948

some prescriptions and dental care were no longer covered

1951

GPs charter to encourage group GP practices and incentivise medical development (impact on NHS)

1960s

Mendel published ‘Fundamental Laws of Inheritance’

1866

Watson and Crick at Cambridge (DNA structure and photos)

1953

Human Genome Project

1990

WC Rontgen, X-rays (light passes through wood and flesh)

1895

First Magic Bullet, Salvarsan 606 invented

1909

Blood tested in lab

1940s

Antoine Desormeaux, endoscopes (small camera passed into lungs)

1853

Sokolov, Jaques, Pierre and Curie Ultrasound (detects gallstones and pregnancy)

1928

Willem Einthoven - monitors electrical activity of the heart (ECG)

1887

MRI (soft tissue), CT (detailed images of the body)

1890s

Pacemaker (electrical impulses maintain heartbeat)

1960

kidney transplant

1954

heart transplant from donor

1967

dialysis cleans blood while awaiting transplant

1943

radio waves/ chemicals to kill cancer cells (radio and chemotherapy - Marie Curie)

1940s

MMR vaccine

1968

HPV vaccine

2009

Flu vaccine

2014

Stem cell therapy

2016

Blood groups and transfusions

1901

anaesthetic

1940s

smoking ban workplace, legal age 16-18

2007

smoking ban cars with children

2015

smoking TV ads banned

1965

all smoking ads banned

2005

no smoking displays allowed in shops

2012

8000 cases of polio a year

1950s

last known case of polio

1984

10 cases of diptheria per year

1940s

Seatbelts

1983

Sugar tax

2018

Wesse - intravenous

1930s

First Battle of Ypres, 512 motor ambulances, 9000 RAMC, 300 Queen Alexandra’s Nurses, first motorised ambulances used

1914

Second Battle of Ypres, lost 1/6 men to trenchfoot, helmets compulsory, Thomas Splint used, all troops issued gas masks, chlorine and phosgene gas used,

1915

Battle of Somme, didn’t recieve helments until…, FANYs drove ambulances

1916