Social Psych Chap 8

According to Dr. Parks, the dynamics of an individual’s personality ______.

may have an impact on both the individual and collective performance of the group

To better understand the impact of group performance, Dr. Parks proposes ______.

connecting group-level issues to real-life issues

The company Opower uses the group performance of consumers to conserve energy by having them ______.

engage in social comparison of energy consumption compared to their neighbors

You’ve gone through a difficult and uncomfortable initiation, paid your dues, and now you’ve discovered that you really aren’t as interested in being in the group as you thought you would be. This feeling is an example of ______.

cognitive dissonance

Aronson's and Mills’ study of the group initiation effect sought to explore ______.

why some individuals continue to participate in initiations, despite their unpleasantness

In the Aronson's and Mills' study, the participants who experienced the most unpleasantness while reading sexually explicit descriptions were actually ______.

willing to endure the difficult initiation to become members of the group

Which function is a group most likely to provide for its members?

develop an identity

A major benefit of belonging to a group is ______.

feeling safe

People value groups when they are easy to join. True or false?

False

A group member who has surmounted difficulties to join an organization finds it disappointing. In spite of this, they tell others the organization is wonderful. What term describes this?

effort justification

People who are anxious tend to feel better being around people who are calm. True or false?

True

The level of connection every member feels with every other member is called ______.

group cohesion

Rejection sensitivity can be described as ______.

fear of being socially excluded and shunned

Comparative social psychology compares the social behavior of ______.

different species

Which example demonstrates social facilitation?

doing more push-ups when working out with friends than when you work out alone

Which concept involves a person’s task performance being affected due to anxiety of being judged by other people present?

evaluation apprehension hypothesis

People tend to perform better on complicated tasks when others are watching them. True or false?

false

Arbitrary rituals for new members of a group that may cause physical or emotional harm are called ______.

hazing

If a person who is working in a group reduces their individual amount of effort, they are engaged in ______.

social loafing

Risky shift was updated to the term ______, which better shows how people's decisions may become more risky or more conservative in a group.

group polarization

Which factor tends to generate groupthink?

strong, directive leadership

The tendency for a group to take more of a chance than an individual might is called ______.

group polarization!

Social loafing is more likely to occur when the group is doing something difficult. True or false?

Faalse

Which type of group leader focuses on achieving goals?

task

Which factor contributes to the spiral of silence?

fear of rejection

Which phrase best describes brainstorming?

a group approach to problem solving that emphasizes creative thinking without judgment

Thinking someone else in the group will do one or several work tasks is referred to as ______.

diffusion of responsibility

Ihotu is immigrating to the United States from Nigeria. Since she is moving to a new country, she will need to find a job, accumulate money, and find a place to live when she arrives. According to studies of group cohesion, which action would most likely make her feel safest in her new country?

living near others who have also emigrated from Nigeria

Stockholm syndrome is a type of ______.

maltreatment effect

Which type of leader in a group focuses on building teamwork?

social

Group cohesion causes members to compete with each other. True or false?

Fallse

Alyssa has been taking piano lessons for nine months. She will be taking part in a recital in front her family and the families of all the other piano teacher’s students. She feels she has mastered the piece she is set to perform. What is her performance most likely to be?

better than normal due to social facilitation

The tendency for people in groups to lessen conflict by thinking alike and agreeing with each other in public is called ______.

groupthink

Which group environment would likely cause the most harm to members in the long run?

organization dedicated to spreading their beliefs through violent means

Liesl is relatively new to weightlifting and is learning a complicated new technique at her gym. There are several other gym members there working out. The coach is patiently showing her the moves over and over, but Liesl keeps having difficulty. This is most likely because ______.

she is anxious from thinking the gym members are judging her

Which behavior does a social loafer perform?

coasts on the efforts of others in a group

The psychological discomfort of being disappointed in a group that was difficult to get into is ______.

cognitive dissonance!

Performing a complicated task unskillfully because other people are around is an example of the ______.

mere presence hypothesis

A college program has been in existence for ten years. It was innovative, yet flawed for the first five years, but now it is running smoothly. The department head is retiring and the college would like the program to continue running as it has been. Which type of leader would the college most likely choose for the new department head?

transactional

A way to punish people is to cut them off from social connection. True or false?

Trrue

A person has simultaneously achieved the goal of being unique as well as being a group member by belonging to a small and elite group. What concept explains this?

optimal distinctiveness theory