APUSH 27 Simple IDs

Samoa (Apia Harbor)

Remote Pacific site of a naval clash between the United States and Germany in 1889

Chile

South American nation that nearly came to blows with the United States in 1892 over an incident involving the deaths of American sailors

Monroe Doctrine

The principle of American foreign policy invoked by Secretary of State Olney to justify American intervention in the Venezuelan boundary dispute

Yellow journalism

Term for the sensationalistic and jingoistic pro-war journalism practiced by W.R. Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer

U.S.S. Maine

American battleship sent on a friendly visit to Cuba that ended in disaster and war

Manila Bay

Site of the dramatic American naval victory that led to U.S. acquisition of rich, Spanish-owned Pacific islands

Rough Riders

Colorful volunteer regiment of the Spanish-American War led by a militarily inexperienced but politically influential colonel

Puerto Rico

The Caribbean island conquered from Spain in 1898 that became an important American colony

Insular Cases

Supreme Court cases of 1901 that determined that the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights did not apply in colonial territories under the American flag

Open Door Policy

John Hay’s clever diplomatic efforts to preserve Chinese territorial integrity and maintain American access to China

Boxer Rebellion

Anti-foreign Chinese revolt of 1900 that brought military intervention by Western troops, including Americans

Hay–Pauncefote Treaty

Diplomatic agreement of 1901 that permitted the United States to build and fortify a Central American canal alone, without British involvement

Colombia

Nation whose senate, in 1902, refused to ratify a treaty permitting the United States to build a canal across its territory

Roosevelt Corollary

Questionable extension of a traditional American policy; declared an American right to intervene in Latin American nations under certain circumstances

Gentlemen’s Agreement

Diplomatic understanding of 1907–1908 that ended a Japanese-American crisis over treatment of Japanese immigrants to the U.S.

Josiah Strong

American clergyman who preached Anglo-Saxon superiority and called for stronger U.S. missionary effort overseas

Alfred Thayer Mahan

American naval officer who wrote influential books emphasizing sea power and advocating a big navy

Emilio Aguinaldo

Filipino leader of a guerrilla war against American rule from 1899 to 1901

Queen Liliuokalani

Native Hawaiian ruler overthrown in a revolution led by white planters and aided by U.S. troops

Richard Olney

U.S. secretary of state whose belligerent notes to Britain during the Guiana boundary crisis nearly caused a war

“Butcher” Weyler

Spanish general whose brutal tactics against Cuban rebels outraged American public opinion

William Randolph Hearst

Vigorous promoter of sensationalistic anti-Spanish propaganda and eager advocate of imperialistic war

William McKinley

President who initially opposed war with Spain but eventually supported U.S. acquisition of the Philippines

George E. Dewey

Naval commander whose spectacular May Day victory in 1898 opened the doors to American imperialism in Asia

Theodore Roosevelt

Imperialist advocate, aggressive assistant navy secretary, Rough Rider, vice president, and president

John Hay

American secretary of state who attempted to preserve Chinese independence and protect American interests in China

Philippe Bunau-Varilla

Scheming engineer who helped stage a revolution in Panama and then became the new country’s instant foreign minister

William James

Harvard philosopher and one of the leading anti-imperialists opposing U.S. acquisition of the Philippines

William Jennings Bryan

Democratic party nominee who campaigned and lost on a platform opposing imperialism in the presidential election of 1900

George Washington Goethals

American military engineer who built the Panama Canal