cna exam mod 5 body mechanics

define body mechanics

involve using the body in a safe and efficient way to reduce strain and prevent

injury. Proper techniques ensure both the caregiver and patient remain safe during movement

and transfers

essentials for body mechanics

• maintain WIDE BASE of support for stability

• bend at hips + knees, NOT THE WAIST when lifting

• engage muscles in LEGS

• keep the load CLOSE to body to reduce strain

• avoid twisting. PIVOT by turning whole body

• keep your back straight and slign spine correctly

how often do u reposition patients and why

every two hours to prevent pressure ulcers

what are common techniques for moving patients

• moving up in bed: use a draw sheet to reduce friction and ensure proper lifting mechanics

• logrolling: move the entire body as a unit to prevent spinal injury

• dangle positioning: before standing, help the patient sit at bedside to prevent dizziness

supine position

Lying flat on the back

prone position

Lying on the stomach

• used for patients with respiratory conditions

lateral position

Lying on the side

• relieves pressure on the back and prevents bedsores.

sims position

a variation of lateral, lower arm is extended back, upper arm is flexed. upper leg is bent

• for rectal procedures or enemas (procedure where liquid is put into the rectum through the anus to help empty the bowels (poop)

fowlers position + semi fowlers

1. Sitting upright at a 45-60 degree angle

• promotes lung expansion and easier breathing.\

2. A 30-45 degree incline - often used for feeding or comfort.

trendelenburg + reverese trendelenburg position

1. Feet elevated higher than the head; used for circulation

   issues and shock.

2. Head elevated higher than the feet; useful for

   patients with reflux or breathing difficulties.

what is important to ENSURE for safe transfers

1. bed and wheelchair brakes are LOCKED

2. use the patients strong side toward the transfer location

3. gait belts/ mechanical lifts

4. non slip footwear

when assiting in resident walking how should u walk with them

walk slightly behind and to the side of the patient for support

if a patient starts to fall…..

gently guide them to the floor while protecting their head , use proper body mechanics (wide stance, bring them close, use legs)