Clinical Pathology Quiz 2

bacteria, turbidity, yeast, casts, odor

what are 5 things that will increase as urine sits longer?

glucose, ketones, biliruben, epithelial cells, RBCs

what are 5 things that will decrease as urine sits longer?

crystals, pH, proteins

these three things can either increase or decrease as urine sits longer

cystocentesis, catheterization

what are the two best methods for gaining a urine sample?

container type, storage, contamination potential

what are three things that pose as a major negative of getting a urine sample from a client at home?

specific gravity, dipstick, physical description

what are three reasons why a fresh urine sample is best?

30 minutes

doing analysis on a fresh urine sample within ___ minutes is ideal

bring back to room temp (68-77 degrees)

what should we do to the urine sample if it was stored in the fridge?

RBCs, hemoglobin, myoglobin

what are three chemical constituents that could cause red or reddish brown urine?

myglobin

what chemical constituent is mostly responsible for urine turning brown?

1.035-1.065

normal specific gravity for cats

1.015-1.045

normal specific gravity for dogs

1.020-1.045

normal specific gravity for large animals

adequate specific gravity

Usg above this number means that kidneys are concentrating, therefore kidneys are functioning

a low Usg only indicates kidneys aren’t functioning if also concurrent azotemia

if urine is lower than adequate Usg, does this mean kidneys are not functioning? explain.

1.035

adequate Usg for dogs and cats

1.025

adequate Usg for large animals

struvite, calcium oxalate

what are the two most common types of urinary calculi in small animals?

dogs

in which animal species does the presence of struvite crystals mean infection?

cats

which animal can have STERILE struvite crystalluria?

sterile struvite crystalluria

presence of struvite crystals, but noes NOT mean infection

5 mL

what is the adequate amount of urine for a urinalysis?

1500 rpm, 5 minutes

what are Robinson Hall’s centrifuge setting for urinalysis? ___rpm, ___minutes

urine cast

proteinaceous mold of renal tubule (when renal tubule sloughs off)

acidic

would you expect to find casts in alkaline or acidic urine?

it dissolves

what happens to protein in alkaline urine?