Adaptive Immune Response

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the adaptive immune response based on the lecture notes.

Adaptive Immune Response

An immune response that is induced when the innate immune response is insufficient, characterized by memory, specificity, diversity, and tolerance.

B lymphocytes

A type of white blood cell that provides adaptive immunity by producing antibodies.

Antibodies (Immunoglobulin)

Proteins secreted by B lymphocytes that bind to specific antigens to provide immunity.

Antigen

A molecule that provokes an adaptive immune response, recognized by antibodies.

Epitopes

Specific areas on larger molecules that are targeted by antibodies.

Clonal Selection Mechanism

A process where exposure to antigens stimulates the proliferation of lymphocytes that can bind to the antigens.

Immunoglobulin (Ig) gene segments

Gene segments that recombine during B cell development to produce diverse antibody specificities.

Cytokines

Signaling proteins that help activate B cells and other immune cells.

Dimeric IgA

A form of antibody that is transported across epithelial cells, blocking pathogen binding in the intestine.

IgE antibodies

A class of antibodies that bind to allergens and trigger allergic reactions by causing mast cells to release histamine.

Memory B cells

Long-lived B cells that respond more rapidly and effectively upon re-exposure to an antigen.