Class voting in Canada

Canadian class

Has classes, but %%weak class voting%%

%%modernity thesis%% = rise of labor→ rise of labor parties→ differenciation between votes from working/elite classes

Seems like class position is %%less important than regionalism, language, religion etc%%

NDP= strong enough working class base but not enough to win

CCF to NDP

@@Canadian Commonwealth Federation@@ = 1933 as a response to great depression, @@populist party of the left.@@ @@Tommy Douglas@@ (35-44) = founding member and fed minister. PM of Sask 44-61. @@Main policy demand = universal healthcare@@

Successful enough to keep L on their toes

1958= fed election, CCF routed → want soul + win so @@1961 change structure (NDP) w/ affiliation to unions@@ (lead by Douglas from 61-71)

Labor and NDP: imperfect union

CLC (canadian labor congress) ==cant control local unions== = within unions not agreeing, wont all vote for NDP, ==difference between male and female dominated fields = ununified left==, unions themselves are fractures

Intersection with national question

Fed NDP (Broadbent) = social welfare ^^through strong support for fed gov,^^ support in ^^patriation^^ (Qc feels disregarded)

^^Sovereignist left^^ of QC = ^^strongly associated with PQ^^

^^J. Layton^^ (2003-11) sees weakness of L in QC as opportunity, proposes “^^assymetrical fed^^”

The orange wave of 2011

$33$ to conservatives, historic $breakthrough in QC$, competing directly w/L as party of social progressives, $attracts soft sovereignists$ (BQ voters)

doesn’t last: end in 2015→ $QC four way split + strat. voting$ (L to vs C), $weak partisan attachement$ to NDP in QC, Niqab debate, $incentives$ pushing in different directions ($FPTP$, relationship w/ labor, $progressive/trad cleavage$…)

Class voting from 1965-2019, Polacko et al.

^^working clas^^s shifting support to C for ^^cultural reasons, still fragmented^^

dependent variable = vote choice (BQ, L, NDP and “right”)→ ^^class voting = explanatory power and itself has many categories^^ (class = occupation)

In Qc, ^^NDP not a working class story, but is outside of QC^^

^^shift to C for moral traditionalism^^ (gender q etc) + concern for immigration