A&P 2 Chapter 19 Homework

Whole blood for testing in a clinical laboratory is usually collected from

- a capillary.

- a deep artery.

- a superficial vein.

- a superficial artery.

- a deep vein.

- a superficial vein.

Which plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones?

- steroid-binding protein

- gamma globulin

- apolipoprotein

- hormone-binding protein

- albumin

- albumin

The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are

- albumins.

- transport proteins.

- lipoproteins.

- fibrinogens.

- globulins.

- albumins.

Blood that has clotting proteins removed is termed

- serum.

- formed elements.

- whole blood.

- hematocrit.

- plasma.

- serum.

You have spent 24 hours traveling from the U.S to New Zealand, on quite a few airplanes with many stops. Because of the stress, changes in time zones, and short blocks of time between planes, you find yourself tired with a headache when you arrive. You are severely dehydrated. A hematocrit value of your blood would be ________ than normal because ________.

- lower; you have less blood plasma volume

- lower; the bone marrow is making fewer red blood cells due to the latitude of the airplanes

- lower; more red blood cells are being made by the bone marrow

- higher; you have less blood plasma volume

- higher; more plasma proteins are made by the liver

- higher; you have less blood plasma volume

Each molecule of heme contains a single ion of what element? (Figure 19-3)

- calcium

- potassium

- magnesium

- iron

- sodium

- iron

Jane has been taking the antibiotic chloramphenicol for a few weeks as treatment for a serious bacterial infection. There is a possibility that a future side effect of long-term antibiotic therapy could affect the bone marrow leading to severe changes in her hematocrit. The result is

- pernicious anemia.

- thrombocytopenia.

- aplastic anemia (failure to produce red blood cells).

- erythroblastosis.

- drug resistance

- aplastic anemia (failure to produce red blood cells).

All the circulating red blood cells in a healthy adult originate in the

- heart.

- spleen.

- lymph tissue.

- thymus.

- red bone marrow.

- red bone marrow.

Surgical removal of the stomach could cause

- pernicious anemia.

- leukocytosis.

- jaundice.

- thrombocytopenia.

- hemophilia.

- pernicious anemia.

Eileen is a strict vegan and therefore eats no animal products. She develops an anemia that her doctor thinks is caused by a nutritional deficiency. Which of the following is the likeliest candidate?

- vitamin B6 deficiency

- sickle cell anemia

- aplastic anemia

- vitamin K deficiency

- iron-deficiency anemia

- iron-deficiency anemia

is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced.

- Polycythemia

- Anemia

- Thrombocytopenia

- Leukemia

- Leukopenia

- Anemia

A bruise appears as a greenish spot in the skin because

- the heme group in the hemoglobin has broken down into biliverdin.

- dead white blood cells accumulate at the site of injury.

- red blood cells lyse releasing biliverdin from inside.

- hemoglobin has leaked from the blood into the injury.

- bilirubin from iron recycling has built-up in the bruise.

- the heme group in the hemoglobin has broken down into biliverdin.

The waste product bilirubin is produced from

- globin chains of hemoglobin.

- heme molecules plus iron.

- abnormal proteins found in red blood cells.

- iron found in hemoglobin molecules.

- heme molecules lacking iron.

- heme molecules lacking iron.

are immature erythrocytes that are present in the circulation.

- Normoblasts

- Erythroblasts

- Band cells

- Myeloblasts

- Reticulocytes

- Reticulocytes

Mrs. Higgins needs to have major surgery. Two weeks before the surgery, her doctor prescribes EPO. Which of the following statements best explains his reason for doing this?

- After she takes EPO, Mrs. Higgins's risk of infection will go down because of increased production of WBCs.

- By prescribing EPO, the doctor will decrease her hematocrit so that her blood is less likely to clot during surgery.

- By prescribing EPO, the doctor can stimulate Mrs. Higgins's body to produce an overabundance of RBCs, which can be harvested and saved for her surgery.

- By prescribing EPO, the doctor will be able to increase oxygen levels because EPO causes hemoglobin to bind oxygen more efficiently.

- By prescribing EPO, the doctor can stimulate Mrs. Higgins's body to produce an overabundance of RBCs, which can be harvested and saved for her surgery.

Red blood cells carry __________ to the lungs and __________ to the tissues.

- oxygen; nutrients

- carbon dioxide; oxygen

- nutrients; carbon dioxide

- oxygen; carbon dioxide

- carbon dioxide; oxygen

Antigens of the surface of red blood cells are also called ________ and antibodies in the blood plasma are also called ________.

- erythrogens; antibiotics

- T-cells; B-cells

- serum; plasma

- agglutinins; agglutinogens

- agglutinogens; agglutinins

- agglutinogens; agglutinins

The clumping of red blood cells, when the specific antibody against the antigen on the cells is added, is called

- hemostasis.

- vascularization.

- agglutination.

- areolation.

- coagulation.

- agglutination.

In an emergency situation when you have no time to wait for cross-matched blood you could give a patient type ________ until the cross-match is available.

- O positive

- AB positive

- O negative

- AB negative

- O negative

White blood cells that are increased in individuals having an allergic reaction are the

- monocytes.

- neutrophils.

- platelets.

- eosinophils.

- lymphocytes.

- eosinophils.

The most numerous WBCs in a differential count of a healthy individual are

- leukocytes.

- monocytes.

- neutrophils.

- basophils.

- lymphocytes.

- neutrophils.

Which of these descriptions best matches the term B lymphocytes?

- often elevated in allergic individuals

- helper cells are one type

- kill bacteria using hydrogen peroxide

- develop into plasma cells and produce antibodies in response to antigens

- adhere to collagen beneath endothelium

- develop into plasma cells and produce antibodies in response to antigens

Which of these descriptions best matches the term T lymphocytes?

- often elevated in allergic individuals

- adhere to collagen beneath endothelium

- kill bacteria using hydrogen peroxide

- are involved in cell mediated immunity

- develop into plasma cells and produce antibodies in response to antigens

- are involved in cell mediated immunity

The blood cells involved in specific immunity are the

- lymphocytes.

- neutrophils.

- basophils.

- monocytes.

- erythrocytes.

- lymphocytes.

A patient has an infected puncture wound to her foot. Which type of white blood cell would you expect to be elevated in a differential white cell count?

- basophils

- lymphocytes

- monocytes

- neutrophils

- eosinophils

- neutrophils

Antihistamines would work best against which type of WBC?

- neutrophil

- eosinophil

- basophil

- monocyte

- basophil

The function of platelets is to assist in the

- process called hemostasis.

- transport of blood gases such as oxygen.

- removal of worn out red blood cells.

- destruction of bacteria.

- immune response during an infection.

- process called hemostasis.

A sign of thrombocytopenia would be

- bleeding.

- bacterial infections.

- excessive clotting.

- allergic reactions.

- a drop in oxygen-carrying capacity.

- bleeding.

An important function of platelets is to __________.

- transport nutrients

- transport blood gases

- transport thrombopoietin

- transport clotting factors

- transport clotting factors

involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

- The platelet phase

- Vascular spasm

- Coagulation

- Fibrinolysis

- Retraction

- Coagulation

The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the

- release of tissue factor (Factor III).

- sticking of platelets to damaged tissue.

- conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

- release of heparin from the liver.

- activation of Factor VII exposed to collagen.

- release of tissue factor (Factor III).

The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the

- conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

- activation of Factor XII by platelet factors.

- release of tissue factor (Factor III).

- release of heparin from the liver.

- sticking of platelets to each other.

- activation of Factor XII by platelet factors.

Some rat poisons contain a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. Animals that consume this poison would die of

- acidosis.

- anemia.

- thrombocytopenia.

- hemorrhage.

- starvation.

- hemorrhage.

A moving blood clot is called a(n)

- thrombus.

- procoagulant.

- plaque.

- platelet plug.

- embolus.

- embolus.

The common pathway in coagulation ends with __________.

- release of PF-3

- conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin

- adhesion of platelets to a damaged vessel wall

- positive feedback of thrombin formation

- conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin

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