Advanced Imaging XRAY pictures

are they accurate or inaccurate xray pictures? if inaccurate, explain why.

PA chest

inaccurate image

• superior MCP tilted anteriorly

PA Chest

inaccurate image

• superior MCP tilted posteriorly

AP neutral shoulder

accurate positioning

AP external shoulder

accurate positioning

AP internal shoulder

accurate positioning

AP shoulder (dislocation)

• MCP tilt anteriorly (superior angle above clavicles)

• anterior dislocation

AP shoulder (dislocation)

• MCP tilt posteriorly (clavicle above superior angle)

• anterior dislocation

Inferosuperior Axial (lawrence)

accurate positioning

grashey

accurate positioning

grashey

excessive obliquity

grashey

insufficient obliquity

grashey

MCP tilt anteriorly

• (coracoid process is below glenoid cavity)

grashey

MCP tilt posteriorly

• (coracoid process above glenoid cavity)

Y view

accurate positioning

Y view

excessive obliquity

Y view

insufficient obliquity

• (head of humerus out of ribs)

AP clavicle

accurate positioning

AP clavicle

• Pt rotated into LPO (unaffected shoulder)

• (medial end of clavicle is superimposing vertebral column)

AP clavicle

• Pt rotated into LPO (affected shoulder)

• open space between vertebral column and clavicle

• clavicle shortened

AP clavicle

• MCP tilt anteriorly

• (superior scapular angle above body of clavicle)

AP clavicle

• MCP tilt posteriorly

• angle in ribs

AP axial clavicle

accurate positioning

AP scapula

accurate positioning

AP scapula

no hand abduction

AP scapula

unadequate shoulder retraction

lateral scapula

accurate positioning

AP toe

accurate positioning

AP axial toe

accurate positioning

AP axial toe

toe rotated laterally

AP axial toe

rotated medially

AP oblique toe

accurate positioning

AP oblique toe

accurate positioning

AP oblique toe

inadequate toe obliquity

AP oblique toe

excessive toe obliquity

AP oblique toe

CR not aligned parallel with the IP and MTP jt spaces

lateral toe

accurate positioning

second toe lateral

accurate positioning

lateral toe

inadequate obliquity

lateral toe

unaffected toes are not pulled away

AP axial foot

accurate positioning

AP oblique foot

accurate positioning

AP oblique foot

insufficient foot obliquity

AP oblique foot

excessive foot obliquity

medialateral foot

accurate positioning

lateral foot

leg internally rotated

• check fibula

lateral foot

accurate positioning

• pt has an average medial foot arch

Axial calcaneus

accurate positioning

Axial calcaneus

poor CR and talocalcaneal jt alignment

• cant see jt space

axial calcaneus

external ankle rotation

• we see too much of toes

lateral calcaneus

accurate positioning

lateral calcaneus

leg externally rotated

lateral calcaneus

leg internally rotated

AP ankle

accurate positioning

AP ankle

ankle externally rotated

• tibia superimposing fibula

AP ankle

ankle internally rotated

• looks like a mortise

AP oblique ankle (mortise)

accurate positioning

AP ankle oblique (45 deg)

accurate positioning

AP ankle oblique (mortise)

insufficient obliquity

AP ankle oblique (mortise)

excessive obliquity

• too much joint space

AP oblique ankle (mortise)

foot not dorsiflexed

lateral ankle

accurate positioning

lateral ankle

foot not dorsiflexed

lateral ankle

leg externally rotated

• sinus tarsi more open

• fibula at the back of tibia

lateral ankle

leg internally rotated

• sinus tarsi closed

• fibula not in center

AP tibfib

accurate positioning

lateral tibfib

accurate positioning

lateral tib fib

excessive external rotation

lateral tibfib

insufficient external rotation

AP knee

accurate positioning

AP knee

external rotation

• patella out of place

• fibular head superimposing tibia

AP knee

excessive internal rotation

• fibular head is too out

AP knee

knee flexed

lateral knee

accurate positioning

lateral knee

leg internally rotated

lateral knee

leg externally rotated

patella

accurate positioning

patella

knees are flexed more than the degree that is set

AP femur

accurate positioning

AP femur

accurate positioning

lateral femur

accurate positioning

lateral femur

accurate positioning

lateral femur

accurate positioning

lateral femur

leg internally rotated

lateral femur

leg externally rotated

AP pelvis

• pelvis rotated towards the left (L ala is more flared, ischial rings not symmetrical, L obturator foramen closed)

• legs externally rotated with feet at 45 deg angle with table, and femoral necks not lengthened (we see the lesser trochanters)

AP pelvis

accurate positioning

AP pelvis

toes are pointing straight up to ceiling

• femoral epicondyles at 60-65 deg angle with table

AP frog leg/pelvis

accurate

AP frog leg/pelvis

L side of pelvis rotate towards IR (LPO)

• obturator foramen forshortened

AP hip

accurate positioning

AP hip

pt rotated towards affected hip (LPO)

• obturator foramen foreshortened

AP hip

• patient rotated away from affected hip (sacrum not aligned to pubic symphysis, too much of lesser trochanter)

• foot externally rotated

AP frog leg hip (modified cleaves)

accurate positioning

AP frog leg hip (modified cleaves)

• pt rotated towards right/affected hip (ischial spine not superimposed w/ pelvic brim, obturator foramen foreshortened)

AP frog leg (modified cleaves)

femur was not 60-70 degrees rotated, more like 40-45 rotation

(sacrum shifted and large obturator foramen hole)

hip axiolateral (danelius-miller/x-table)

accurate positioning

hip axiolateral (danelius-miller/x-table)

• insufficient flexion adn abduction of unaffected leg

• acetabulum not visualized

hip axiolateral (danelius-miller/x-table)

CR is angled distally to femur instead of femoral neck

hip axiolateral (danelius-miller/x-table)

leg externally rotated (greater trochanter at the bottom)

hip axiolateral (danelius-miller/x-table)

fracture of the femoral neck