NUTR 3355 First Exam

According to the video in the Week 1 Overview "A Brief History of Food: How Cuisine Evolved Across Civilizations," which of the following have played a significant role in shaping the diverse culinary landscape we enjoy today?

Migration and industrialization

Your self-identity related to your role in life affects your perception of what should and should not be eaten for health.

True

Urbanization of a population is associated with maintenance of traditional food habits.

False

Adding Cajun spices to food becomes popular in the Pacific Northwest after new residents move in from Louisiana. Which of the following developments most likely caused the popularity of Cajun spices?

Migration

As people become acculturated, which habits are likely to be the last to change?

Food habits

Stereotyping can lead to false assumptions about a client's diet by automatically extending the food habits of the group to the client's personal preferences

True

The wine taster sniffs and tastes the wine, then declares that the wine originates in a specific vineyard in Argentina known for its soil and sun exposure. Which of the following characteristics of the wine does the taster most likely identify

Terrior

In 2019, researchers indicated more than seventy-five different ancestry groups in the United States

True

Which of the following foods would represent a cultural food?

a bowl of refried beans with corn tortillas

What type of medicine uses pulses associated with internal organs, each with its own characteristics

Traditional Chinese Medicine

Traditional views of health and illness often encompass a mind-body duality

True

Which of the following best describes an approach to medicine that believes the body will heal itself

Naturopathic medicine

Approximately how many dollars do Americans currently spend on complementary and alternative medicine annually?

40 billion

the majority of people in the United States are ____, meaning they prefer to concentrate on one issue or task at a time, in a sequential manner

monochronistic

Which of the following beliefs about sickness depends on reading the alignment of the stars and planets for determining the health status of a person?

Sickness is due to pollution of the environment?

According to current research, in which of the following groups did shamanism originate?

Hunter-gatherer populations 20,00 years ago

Cultural imposition can be defined as a tendency for health personnel to impose their beliefs, practices, and values upon another culture because they believe their views are superior

True

Which of the following terms is a name for healers in the American South who specialize in communicating with spirits or saints through ceremonial invocation and may also use herbal preparations

Voodoo practicioners

Approximately what percentage of adults in the U.S. used some form of CAM during the year 2012?

33%

Over 80% of the world's population uses this type of remedy to treat illness and optimize health

Herbal

to many Chinese, the gift of a clock means the same as saying, "I wish you were dead". Each tick is perceived as a reminder of mortality

True

In some societies, it is the norm to keep one's hand visible on the dinner table at all times. What is the likely origin of this custom?

it showed that the person was not carrying a weapon?

Which of the following sets of characteristics best represents the "tip of the iceberg" in the iceberg analogy used to describe communication?

Ethnicity(or nationality), age gender

When doing a dietary analysis, such as a food frequency, what is "Phantom food"?

A food not actually consumed

In a low culture context with reduced hierarchy, patients see the doctor as the expert and do not question the medical advice they receive.

False

Many cultures use storytelling as an educational device

True

In the mnemonic CRASH, the letter S stands for which of the following words?

Sensitive

What kind of attitude does monochronistic most likely refer to?

Completing one thing at a time

What should a practitioner do when using a translator in a medical environment

Keep eye contact with the patient

Touching norms frequently vary according to attributes such as ethnicity, gender, age, or physical condition.

True

In the iceberg model of multicultural influences on communication, the iceberg analogy is used because much of what affects communication

is unseen and not readily apparent

What are the three basic rules of kosher

Can't combine milk and meat. Can't eat some animals, and must Kosher slaughter animals

According to the article, "Ramadan: the Practice of Fasting", Muslims follow the prophetic tradition of breaking their fast by first eating _____

dates and water or milk

Which of the following is the traditional bread served during the Sabbath in Judaism

Challah

Which of the following terms best describes the 40 days before Easter, and means "spring"

Lent

The holiest day of the Jewish Calendar year is

Yom Kippur

The term Mardi Gras, used in France and Louisiana, refers to the feasting day just prior to Lent

True

The Hebrew Bible and the Christian Bible contain all the same books

False

Which of the following religions represents the concept of the Eightfold Path as the spoke of a wheel

Buddhism

Buddhism is most likely based on what other religion

Hinduism

Which of the following drinks is the most frequently prohibited across cultures?

Alcohol

Dr. John Kellogg developed the breakfast cereal as a result of the dietary practices of what religious sect?

Seventh Day Adventist

If taking a life is forbidden in Buddhist practice, it makes sense that many Buddhists adopt which dietary practice?

Dairy products and eggs, but no meat or other animal food

Which of the following terms best describes overestimation between group membership and individual behavior, often seen as a pitfall in health care relationships?

Stereotyping

Traditional food choices are among the first factors to change in the process of acculturation

False

John is on a diet and watches gourmet food preparation and baking shows on YouTube. Which of the following describes his attraction for such videos?

Food porn

According to studies on type 2 diabetes, which ethnicity has the lowest rates (although they are still increasing)?

Whites

Historians and scientist speculate that ____ is the foremost reason that herbs and spices have assumed such an essential role in food habits

palatibility

Which of the following situations is most likely an example of urbanization?

A family moves from the countryside to a major city and now buys vegetables they used to groq on their land

The process of handing down the manners and understanding of a culture from one generation to the next is known as

enculturation

Which of the following situations is an application of the guaranteed equal access to health care services regardless of national origin?

Access to translation services must be provided in a health care setting

Communication in high-contrast cultures is most likely analogous to which of the following expressions?

Read betweeen the lines

Which of the following immigrant groups has developed many ways, such as using "maybe" or "I am not sure", to avoid saying "no"?

Japanese

Designing nutrition education messages is easier if the group being targeted is heterogeneous

False

"The individual is usually defined by group association," best describes which of the following types of culture?

High-contrast

The field of intercultural communication encompasses languages and the context in which words are interpreted

True

What is the main benefit of using focus groups in nutrition surveys?

Selecting relevant food items to include in questionnaires

Individuals in high-context cultures favor performing several task at once

True

Which of the following is the ultimate stage for the procider to reach in becoming skilled at cross-cultural communications?

Unconscious competence

To many Chinese, the gift of the clock means the same as saying "I wish you were dead". Each tick is perceived as a reminder of mortality

True

Over 80% of the world's population used this type of remedy to treat illness and optimize health

Herbal

Which of the following traits is often considered both healthy and attractive to many non-U.S. cultures?

Plumpness

The majority of people in the United States are ______, meaning they prefer to concentrate on one issue or task at a time, in a sequential manner

monochronistic

A family of which of the following origins would most likely eat food balancing yin and yang

Chinese

A monochronistic view of time suggests

doing one thing at a time

Which of the following afflictions would be an example if sickness due to the patient's lifestyle?

Heart disease from eating fatty foods

In biomedical culture, three causes of disease are identified as

immediate, underlying, ultimate

Culture-bound syndromes are most likely

culturally defined folk illnesses that may be difficult to treat if not actually considered an illness

If a sickness is assumed to be caused by factors outside the patient's control, which of the following is most likely to cause illness?

Viral infection

The halal dietary laws are included in which of the following religious scriptures?

Qur'an

Approximately how many Muslims live in the U.S.?

2.9 million

Which of the following is one of the five pillars of Islam?

Almsgiving

During the Diaspora (the dispersion of Jews outside the homeland of Israel), Jews scattered and settled all over the ancient world. Which of the following groups settled in Germany and Eastern Europe

Ashkenazi

In which of the following countries are eggs typically dyed red for Easter?

Greece

Around the world, more people follow Islam than any other single religion

False

What does the word Haram mean when referring to food

Unlawful or prohibited

As of 2020, approximately how many Seventh Day Adventists lived in the U.S.?

1.5 million

According to the article, "Ramadan: the practice of fasting." Muslims follow the prophetic tradition of breaking their fast by first eating _____

dates and water or milk

Which of the following is most likely considered a one-pot dish in the standard American diet?

Meat, vegetables, and starch

Aparna is studying for exams and feeling stressed out. Which food will make this student feel better?

Comfort food that the family cooks

How many ethnicities did the Canadian census identify in 2016?

250

Two main protein foods eaten in Greece virtually daily include lamb and legumes. These are examples of

core foods

According to data, which of the following types of ethnic restaurants has grown the most in popularity in recent years?

Thai

Preference for complex taste becomes apparent around what age?

4-7 years

The integration of local, regional, and national phenomena into an unrestricted worldwide organization is best known as

Globalization

Children learn food preferences from valued or trusted others. Who has the least long-lasting influence?

Parents?

Which of the following is practiced by Seventh-day Adventists

Avoidance of animal-based foods

Which of the following is the traditional bread served during the Sabbath in Judaism?

Challah

What are the three major Christian branches

Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodox Christianoty, and protestantism

Which Christian denomination celebrates Timkat, the Feast of Epiphany, as the most important Christian holiday of the year?

Ethiopian Church

Fry bread is a Native American food consisting od

Wheat flour that is fried

Many Native American nations are matrilineal, which means what?

Lineage is inherited from the mother

Which of the following crops was the most important for Native Americans in the southwestern region?

corn

Which of the following is not part of nature in the Native American worldview?

Government

Which of the following foods held the most significance in many healing ceremonies?

corn

Many Native American cultures consider health a result of balance between the individual and the environment.

True

Among the Native American nations of the Northeast, who was traditionally served first at a meal?

men

The risk of Sudden Infant death syndrome (SIDS) is three times higher for a Native American infant than for a White American infant.

True

Many Cherokee take a holistic approach to health maintenance

True

Which of the following best describes how a regional plant powder is used in traditional Native American cooking?

Sassafras, also known as file, is popular in the South