POLS 1100 Introduction to American Government Final Exam Study Guide

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards based on the POLS 1100 Final Exam Study Guide, covering constitutional foundations, government branches, and civil rights.

Political Science

The study of power.

why did campaigns spend mill of dollars to amass huge voter lists

to raise funds later

a …. party is a minor party that bases it appeal on the claim that part is in politics is having a corrupting influence on government and policy

reform

some analysis predict that soon the most important medium of election politic

The Internet

… lost the 1964 presidential election in large part because his views we’re seen as too extreme

goldwather

which is not a characteristic of party realignment

A very close electoral result

what demographic is most likely to support the new party during a major party realignment

young voters

…. is based on judgment about the past performance of an elected, official or political party

retrospective voting

A winner take all system is also known as the…. system

plurality

which voting demographic, despite being conservative on issues such as abortion and same-sex marriage sides heavily with a democratic party

hispanics

and the dynamics of an iron triangle what benefit do interest groups provide to friendly government agencies?

Lobbying support for agency program programs

how do plural is counter the argument that we funded interest groups have more influence on policymaking than other interest groups

They argue that the system is relatively open and almost all interest are included

The most numerous economic groups are

Business groups

an informal grouping of officials lobbyist and policy specialist to come together temporarily around a policy problem as a

issue network

PACs tend to contribute the most money to

incumbents

citizens interest groups are distinguished from an economic interest groups by the fact that

There is no material incentive for members in their pursuit of the group schools

what did alexis de Toqueville call the United States in the 1830s

A nation of joiners

A flaw and pearl theory is the fact that

The interest group system is unrepresentative because some interest are far better organized, and more powerful than others

which of the following organizations is not an example of a single issue group?

Americans conservative union

The limits of interest groups use of extreme tactics might be gauge by the congressional democrat Balash against… which tried to block the North American free trade in 1993

afl-cio

Iron triangle

A small and informal but relatively sit of bureaucrats, legislators and lobbyist, who are concerned with promoting our particular interest

under federal law, pacs can contribute up to what per candidate for federal office for a primary election in general election combined

10000

which of the following is not an interest group function

Addressing a broad and diverse range of public issues

what is an advantage of citizens group?

members are likely to support the leaders political efforts because they joined a group in order to influence policy

Super PAC’s has been criticized primarily

For giving too much influence to the wealth

The reason the news product is designed to fascinate as well as inform

That news organizations are fundamentally businesses and must obtain revenue to survive

on the scene coverage of a natural disaster is an example of the presses role of

Signaler

Long tail phenomenon

Is related to the pattern and rate of Internet news readership

of the following, the news media most likely to focus on

events that are timely

The Gazette of the United States was founded to promote the policies of president

George Washington

The information comments allowed American

to access national stories in the local newspapers

what was a common feature in the low choice media system?

Each outlet feature nearly the same lineup of stories told and much the same way

yellow journalism contribute most notably to public support for the

Spanish American war

according to scholars the way that journalist framed their stories has a

priming effect

presidential candidates in the 1960s compared with today

Had longer soundbites on average and broadcast television newscast

The news media’s common carrier role is based on the idea that

depression provided channel through which political leaders can communicate their views to the public

The COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak is a strong example of presses …. function

Common carrier

The fCc restriction requiring broadcasters to afford reasonably opportunity for the discussion of conflicting views of political importance was known as the

Fairness doctrine

which institution receives the most news coverage from the national press

The presidency

during the era of objective journalism the commitment of newspapers to two sided news reporting

Did not extend their editorializing

Markup of a bill means that

Markup is when a legislative committee or subcommittee reviews a bill and makes changes before it goes to the full chamber for a vote.

in midterm elections

The president’s party usually loses seats

The dominant policymaking political institution during the most of the 19th century was

Congress

redistricting happens after the census, which is conducted how many years apart

10

A bill has been approved in the house and senate albeit in slightly different versions. The bill now goes to.

A conference committee

The oversight of responsibility of Congress

empowered by control of yearly budgets, the most time-consuming task for most legislators

compared to house and covenants cynic in continents are most likely to face the problem

A strong Challenger

congressional oversight, most likely to occur when it involves

Executive agency abuse of legislative authorization

The most powerful person from the minority party in the house is

A minority leader

which of the following is or are the top priority of the vast majority of representatives in the house?

Reelection

Committee staff within Congress

Performance almost entirely legislative function

there are currently…. Voting members in the US House of Representatives. And…. Voting members of the US Senate.

when the house and Senate passed different versions of a build a differences or resolved in

Conference committee

The wig theory

holds that the presidency is a limited officer, whose occupant is an administrator who carries out the wheel of Congress

how many presidents have been impeached in US history?

3

which of the following has been become a significant challenge for modern Day president

maintaining

Control over what is done to their name

which of the following is typical of post World War II presidents with respect to public popular

Leaving office with less than 50% approval ratings

if the US House of Representatives chooses to impeach a president who conducts the trial

The US Senate

The illusion of presidential government

The presidential image building through public relations that contributes to the idea that President is in charge of the national government

The honeymoon period occurs during

The first part of a president’s term

The war powers act was enacted to

limit the presidents war making power

candidate strategy in the early presidential nominating contest as designed chiefly to gain

Momentum

which of the following is provision of the war powers act

It requires hostilities to end within 60 days and less Congress extends the period

with regard to the lower courts the Supreme Court primary responsibility is

Establishing legal precedence that will guide their decision decisions

The Supreme Court decision Marbury versus Madison is significant

For the establishment of judicial review

of the 13 courts of appeals in the United States

11. Have jurisdiction over a circuit comprised of the district courts in anywhere from 3 to 5 states.

what is the most common method in the states for the selection of judges?

Election to office

The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction and legal disputes involving

Foreign diplomats

A judicial decision that established a role for settling subsequent cases of similar nature is a

precedent

according to the doctrine of judicial restraint

The judiciary should refer to decisions made by the legislator

The Supreme Court rolling in both stock versus Clayton County involving LGBT discrimination of the workplace illustrates

That ambiguity that sometimes exist in the law

concurring opinion

Is a separate view written by a justice who votes with the majority but disagrees with its reasoning

The US courts of appeals

Review district court decisions

A writ of cetiorari

A request to a lower court to submit to the Supreme Court of record of the case that it has been requested to hear

in most instances are criminal or civil cases tried in state courts

both

The long serving justice that established the principle of judicial review

john marshall

Federal judges are

nominated by the president in approved by the Senate

The constitutional provision that federal judges injustice, hold office during good behavior

Has meant an effect that they will serve until they die or choose retire

what is an example of a single issue party?

Greenback party

political science is..

Descriptive and analytical

which political thinker is most associated with the idea of limited gov

john locke

political science research method that uses data is called

quantitative

the process for resolving disputes and allocating scarce resources in society is called

politics

Which political thinker is most associated with the idea of promoting equality for racial minorities

WEB de bois

those formally trained to study gov and politics are known as

political scientists

political science is a study of

power

all of the following are subfields of political science except

sociology

approx. what share of americans refused to take the threat of covid seriously

more than 1/3

the average income of min wage workers in the US and europe reflect a greater influence of what of the following in the US when compared to europe

corporate power

what ate the core values of american political culture

individualism, equality, liberty, self government

in an oligarchy

control rests with a small group such as military officers or a few wealthy families

in a constitutional system

there are lawful restrictions on a governments power

the bill of rights

further checked the power of the majority

which of the following is anexample of an authoritarian regime

china

what is a major limit on majoritarianism

the public as a whole takes an interest in inly a few of the hundreds of policy decisions that officials make each year

what is the likely result of spending hours listening to partisan talk shows

misinformation

the process by which a society settles its conflicts and allocates the resulting benefits and costs

politics

who among the following was the chief architect of the us constitution and also one of Americas top political scientist

James madison

individualism

the idea that people should take initiative and be self sufficient

what has democracy come to mean in practice

majority rule through the free and open election of representatives