Chapter #13: Circulatory System
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57 Terms
What are the components of the circulatory system?
Cardiovascular and lymphatic systems
What are the functions of blood?
Transport respiratory gases, deliver nutrients and hormones, remove waste, regulate temperature, clotting, and immune function
What is the function of lymph?
Fluid in lymphatic vessels that return to the venous blood at specific sites
What is whole blood?
Blood without the formed elements and plasma
What are the two components of whole blood?
Formed elements and plasma
What percentage of whole blood is composed of plasma and formed elements?
55% and 45%
Function of albumin
Provide the osmotic pressure needed to draw water from the surrounding interstitial fluid into the capillaries
Function of globulins
Immunity and transport lipids and fat-soluble vitamins
Function of fibrinogen
Important clotting factor
Define formed elements
The cell in the blood that function to oxygen transport, immune defense, and blood clotting
What cells are found within the formed elements?
Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets
What is the ABO system?
The most common system of classification for red blood cell antigens
What are the various blood types of the ABO system?
Type A, type B, type AB, and type O
What is the Rh factor and why is it important?
Another antigen found on the red blood cells
Describe agglutination reactions and what causes them
The process of antibodies recognizing the antigens and the red blood cell pops; caused by red blood cells from one blood type mixing with antibodies from the plasma of the other blood type
What is the blood type of a āuniversal donorā?
Type O
What is the blood type of the āuniversal recipientā?
Type AB
What are the functions of the heart?
To receive blood and to pump blood
Which body cavity contains the heart?
What is the fibrous skeleton of the heart?
How is the fibrous skeleton of the heart related to the atria and ventricles?
What is the function of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves?
How does the chordae tendineae and papillary muscle aid in the function of the valves?
What is the function of the aortic semilunar valve?
What is the function of the pulmonary semilunar valve?
What is meant by systole and diastole?
How is systole/diastole related to systolic and diastolic pressure?
What makes the heart sounds of Lub-Dub?
What is the lub?
What is the dub?
Describe the conduction system
What is the function of the conduction system?
What chambers of the heart contract along the conducting pathway?
Which structure sets the heart rate?
What is the typical heart rate?
What is the typical resting membrane potential of a cardiac cell?
How is the heart rate affected by the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system?
How is cardiac contraction different than skeletal contraction?
How do the conducting cells work to cause continual contractions?
Why donāt conducting cells need neuronal input?
What is the typical resting membrane potential of a conducting cell?
What is recorded during an ECG?
What causes the P wave?
What causes the QRS complex?
What causes the T wave?
What cardiac event do we infer is happening during an ECG?
Describe pressure changes in the left ventricle (during ECG)
Describe pressure changes in the left atrium (during ECG)
Describe blood volume in the left ventricle (during ECG)
Describe blood volume in the left atrium (during ECG)
How does the majority of ventricular filling occur?
Define end-diastolic volume
Define end-systolic volume
Define strove volume
Describe the various blood vessels and their function
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
What are the components of the lymphatic system?