Injury, Inflammation, and Healing Vocabulary

Flashcards covering key vocabulary terms related to injury, inflammation, and healing, based on lecture notes.

Cellular Injury

All functional and structural changes in the body are caused by this.

Reversible Cell Injury

Cellular injury where the cell can recover; characterized by blebs, lipid vacuoles, generalized swelling, and clumping of nuclear chromatin.

Irreversible Cell Injury

Cellular injury beyond the 'point of no return'; characterized by rupture of lysosomes, autolysis, pyknosis, karyolysis and karyorrhexis.

Hypoxia

Cellular injury caused by decreased delivery of nutrients, decreased removal of waste products, reduction of ATP, and intracellular accumulation of ions and fluids.

Hypertrophy

Cellular adaptation involving enlargement due to an increase in the size of cells.

Hyperplasia

Cellular adaptation involving enlargement due to an increase in the number of cells.

Metaplasia

Cellular adaptation involving a change from one type of fully mature cell to a different type of mature cell not normally found in the tissue involved.

Dysplasia

Cellular adaptation involving a change from one type of fully mature cell to a cell with maturation and differentiation abnormalities.

Atrophy

Cellular adaptation involving a decrease in cell number or size.

Apoptosis

Programmed or premeditated cell death.

Necrosis

Unplanned cell death.

Inflammation

The body's complex biological response to injury aimed at initiating the healing process.

Edema

An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the cavities and intercellular spaces of the body.

Ischemia

A local deficiency of blood/oxygen due in part to functional constriction or actual mechanical obstruction of a blood vessel.

Embolus

An abnormal particle or mass circulating in the blood.

What are the steps of inflammation process?

Swelling, heat, a loss of function, redness, pain