cultural variations

met analysis

combination of multiple studies to produce one overall finding

which met analysis relates to attachment

ijzendoorn + kroonenberg (1988) on the strange situation

met-analysis findings

-secure is most common/frequent attachment type

-significant cultural variations do exist

-variations within cultures are 150% greater than variations betwee countries =culture isnt universal

-jap (rural)= high type c

-japan (urban-tokyo)= closer to average

israel

-TYPE C

Japan

-TYPE C

Germany

-TYPE A

why do children from different cultures show different attachment styles?

-different cultures will have different expectations about how child reering should be conducted

-this will lead to different behaviours in the strange situation

main evaluation points

+use of meta analysis is ethically sound

-use of strange situation =imposed etic

+large sample size=high population validity

-samples are unrepresentative of culture (rural vs tokyo japan)= unrepresentative

-method of assessment is biased and based off western norms= disrespectful

imposed etic

studying it universally, comparing it to norm or standard

imposed emic

-studying it in its own right, uniqueness, study it as if you were in it