Part 2: Care of Site Specific Side Effects: I. Head/Brain

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Last updated 12:29 AM on 4/16/26
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19 Terms

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Response (injury) is a function of:

  1. the dose administered

  2. dose rate

  3. volume of tissue irradiated

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term. Acute (early) effects

def. effects observed within 6 months of exposure

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term. Chronic (late) effects

def. effects occurring more than 6 months AFTER exposure

and can be permanent/ semi-permanent (not reversible)

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Late effects that are not reversible

  1. fibrosis/ atrophy

  2. ulceration

  3. necrosis

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I. Head and Brain

I. Head and Brain

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Effects of the Head/ Brain

  1. alopecia

  2. edema

  3. NV

  4. Headache

  5. Taste, Sensory & Perceptual Changes

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What are “other” side effects of head/brain

  1. headaches

  2. N/V

  3. Sensory & Perceptual changes

  4. Taste Change

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Alopecia vs epilation

  1. Alopecia: abnormal hair loss; can be permanent or temporary (more accurate term)

  2. Epilation: hair removal (most commonly used term)

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Cause of alopecia (due to RTT)

cells of the hair follicle are rapidly reproducing

<p>cells of the hair follicle are rapidly reproducing</p>
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Dose Range for alopecia & appearance of hair after tx

  1. Temporary

  2. Permanent

  1. Temporary:15-30 Gy. May come back different color/ texture

  2. Permanent: 45-55 Gy. May come back to a small degree, but may resemble fine, thin peach fuzz rather than full growth

3- trico - hair

45- Bald AS

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There is a ____impact of alopecia

psychosocial

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Interventions (suggestions) for alopecia

Therapy

  1. psychosocial support

Shower/ Getting Ready

  1. mild shampoo once/week only

  2. Avoid hair dryers, curlers, sprays, excessive combing

  3. creative hairstyling (scarves and babushkas)

  4. Select wig prior to hair loss

Protection

  1. Cover head against sunburn as well as to minimize body heat loss in winter

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Edema (cerebral)

brain swelling

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Causes of cerebral edema

waste products from destroyed cells are released into the blood stream AND an inflammatory rxn begins

<p>waste products from destroyed cells are released into the blood stream AND an <strong>inflammatory rxn </strong>begins</p>
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Symptoms of cerebral edema

  1. Change in mental status/ behavior

  2. headache

  3. increased blood pressure

  4. N/V

CHIN! Me duele la cabeza

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Treatment of cerebral edema

Prophylactic tx

with corticosteroids W

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What corticosteroid is used in the tx of cerebral edema?

How long does it take to relieve edema?

Decadron aka Dexamethasone: relives edema within 48 hours (can be used prophylactically )

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Cerebral edema can result in:

convulsions

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Interventions for convulsions

  1. prevent patient from hurting self (as they are convulsing)

  2. prevent aspirations by laying on side if possible (don’t let them choke on vomit)