IDSC TEST G

Survival Deviation

focusing on things that survived, when you should be focused on the exact opposite

Heuristics

the way humans use bias, tendencies, and shortcuts to make decisions

Availability

we use whatever information is easily accessible to create judgements

Social Proof

basically, recommendations and ratings work

Endowed progress effect

A loyalty card that starts with two free stamps in a buy ten get one free program

Anchoring

25% off might induce us to buy a product, even when the similar product next to it is the same price

Scarcity

only two tickets remain at this price

Framing

Price, color, and other attributes may affect our perception of quality, value, etc

Priming

If you see the word hand in front of fis_, your brain will fill in the word fist. If you saw swim, your brain would fill in fish

Gamification

Certain Human Biases magnify the effect of random rewards

Loss Aversion

losses are as much as twice as powerful, psychologically, as gains

Gambler's Fallacy

Belief that an event is more or less likely, given a previous series of events

Sunk Cost Fallacy

believing that prior investments justify further expenditures

Illusion of Control

tendency for people to overestimate their ability to influence outcomes

Statistical Bias

Sampling error, Improper techniques, etc

Conflicts of Interest

Funding bias, regulatory issues, favoritism, etc

Contextual Bias

Media bias, Academic bias, etc

Prejudices

Racism, sexism, classism, etc

prompt-injection

Compromising generated AI by entering prompts that cause it to behave in unintended ways

data poisoning

Deliberately feeding incorrect data to an AI so that it generates incorrect results.

Hallucinations

Is your AI lying to you?

Green IT

Using computing resources in ways that help reduce energy and operating costs and reduce environmental impact

Energy Star Program

standards for computers & servers

Right to Repair

Proposed legislation & Apple Reversal

Moore's Law

Chip performance per dollar doubles every eighteen months

microprocessor

Part of the computer that executes the instructions of a computer program

random-access memory (RAM)

The fast, chip-based volatile storage in a computing device

volatile memory

Storage that is wiped clean when power is cut off from a device

nonvolatile memory

Storage that retains data even when powered down

flash memory

Nonvolatile, chip-based storage

solid state electronics

Semiconductor-based devices

SSD

Solid state drive—a chip-based, nonvolatile storage device

semiconductor

A substance such as silicon dioxide used inside most computer chips that is capable of enabling and inhibiting the flow of electricity

optical fiber line

High-speed glass or plastic-lined networking cable used in telecommunications

price elasticity

Rate at which the demand for a product or service fluctuates with price change

microcontrollers

Special-purpose computing devices that don't have an operating system and can't do as much as general purpose computers or smartphones

Internet of Things (loT)

A vision where low-cost sensors, processors, and communication are embedded into a wide array of products and our environment, allowing a vast network to collect data, analyze input, and automatically coordinate collective action

fabs

Semiconductor fabrication facilities

silicon wafers

Thin, circular slice of material used to create semiconductor device

multicore microprocessors

Contain two or more calculating processor cores on the same piece of silicon

emulator

A software-based interpreter that allows programs designed to run on one standard to be run on devices using a different standard. Using an emulator will be slower than executing code on the native, new standard, since this translation adds a step to accomplish before instructions can be run

compiler

A program that turns the code that a software developer writes into the instruction sets that a processor understands

latency

In computing, latency means delay. Low-latency tasks have less delay, so they are faster

e-waste

Discarded, often obsolete technology; also known as electronic waste

ITIL

IT Infrastructure Library, which covers best practices for delivering IT services

COBIT

(Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies) A continually-evolving best-practices framework for IT governance that includes guidance on implementation, monitoring, and improving IT systems and organizations

Red Teaming

A term, taken from the military, where a trained team, unaffiliated with development staff, play the role of adversaries and try to deliberately compromise systems. Red team reports are then shared with IS staff so that systems can be hardened, or secured against attack and misuse