BLACK PLAGUE
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22 Terms
Who were the famous founders of religious orders?
Dominic (Dominicans), St. Augustine (Augustinians), Francis of Assisi (Franciscans)
What is a religious monk?
A brother who lives in a religious community devoted to prayer and service
What are the secular vows?
Poverty, chastity, and obedience
What were the Crusades?
Religious wars between Christians and Muslims for control of the Holy Land
What happened in the First Crusade (1096)?
Pope Urban II called it in response to Constantinople; Christians captured Jerusalem and set up states in Palestine
What were positive effects of the Crusades?
Increased trade with the Near East and strengthened the power of European kings
What were negative effects of the Crusades?
Increased hostility between Muslims and Christians
What are cathedrals?
Large, important churches built during the Middle Ages
What are the main styles of cathedrals?
Gothic and Romanesque
What are characteristics of Gothic architecture?
Tall, light, airy, with flying buttresses
What are characteristics of Romanesque architecture?
Thick walls, low structures, round arches, sturdy design
When was the cathedral-building period?
Started in the 1000s and lasted about 500 years
What was the Inquisition?
A church court starting in the 12th century that sought out heresy and often used torture
Where was the Inquisition most associated?
Spain
Who allowed the Inquisition to take place in Spain?
The king and queen with approval from the Pope
Who was a famous Christian Crusader?
Richard the Lionheart
Who was Saladin?
A Muslim leader from Egypt who united Egypt and Syria and fought against the Crusaders
What was the Black Plague?
The Bubonic Plague, a deadly disease causing buboes (swollen lumps)
How did the Black Plague spread?
Through rats on trading ships and contact with infected bodies
When did the Black Plague hit Europe?
Around 1347
How deadly was the Black Plague?
Killed about 50–60% of those infected
What was the Great Schism?
A split in the Catholic Church with rival popes in Rome and France from 1305–1417