Iran & Afghanistan 1979

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Last updated 8:50 PM on 3/14/26
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9 Terms

1
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Why was 1979 a turning point for Detente?

  • The Iran Revolution led to the Hostage Crisis which weakened Carter and the US prestige.

  • Afghan communist turmoil killed SALT II.

2
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What happened in 1979 for Iran?

There was a revolution which replaced a Pro-US monarch with an anti-western Islamic republic.

3
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What was the name of the person that replaced the Shah in the Iran revolution?

Ayatollah

4
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What is Operation Eagle Claw?

It is an ill-fated military operation to rescue the 66 American hostages held in Tehran ended with eight U.S. servicemen dead and no hostages rescued.

5
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Why did the Soviets fear Iran after their revolution?

They feared that Islamic fundamentalism would spread into their own southern republics which made them a security threat.

6
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What southern republics did the Soviets think would be affected by Iran’s revolution?

  • Tajikistan.

  • Uzbekistan.

  • Kazakhstan.

7
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What were the consequences of Iran?

  • The USA looked weak and humiliated, which encouraged critics of détente.

  • Washington lost a major ally in the Middle East, raising fears that the USSR might exploit the instability.

  • The Soviet Union was also unsettled, fearing Islamic fundamentalism would spread into its Muslim republics.

  • The crisis accelerated superpower suspicion and weakened the foundations of detente.

8
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What happened in 1979 for Afghanistan?

  • Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan and the special forces killed Amin and installed Babrak Karmal as a pro-Moscow leader.

  • The USSR claimed it was acting defensively to prevent chaos and outside interference, but the West saw the invasion as expansionist.

  • The war escalated into a prolonged conflict against the Mujahedeen, heavily supported by the USA and its allies.

9
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What were the consequences of Afghanistan?

  • The invasion shattered Dente completely.

  • Carter condemned the invasion as a major threat to global security.

  • Carter withdrew SALT II from the Senate and issued the Carter Doctrine, promising to defend the Persian Gulf with military force if necessary.