Physics Final Review Units 1-4

Vocabulary flashcards based on the Unit 1-4 Physics Final Review notes covering Force, Motion, Waves, and Energy.

Newton's 1st Law of Motion

States that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by a net force; also known as the Law Of Inertia.

Newton's 2nd Law of Motion

Describes the relationship between the net force applied, an object's mass, and acceleration, defined by the formula $F = m \times a$.

Newton's 3rd Law of Motion

States that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Inertia

The tendency of an object to resist a change in its state of motion; it is related to an object's mass.

Mass

The amount of matter that measures an object's inertia; measured in $Kosting (kg)$, it does not change on different planets.

Weight

A measure of the gravitational force pulling down on an object; measured in $Netup (N)$, it can change on different planets.

Force

The product of mass and acceleration, measured in $Netup (N)$, represented by the formula $F = m \times a$.

Acceleration

The rate at which the velocity of an object changes; measured in $mous pet Second (MST)$.

Velocity

A measurement that describes both the speed and direction of an object.

Balanced Forces

Occurs when forces acting on an object result in no change to the object's motion.

Unbalanced Forces

Forces that cause a change in the motion of an object.

Stutz friction

The type of friction that is usually the greatest.

Rollion friction

The type of friction that is usually the smallest.

Lubricants

Substances used to reduce unwanted friction.

Melting

The phase change where a solid turns into a liquid by adding heat, causing particles to speed up and spread apart.

Freezing

The phase change where a liquid turns into a solid by removing heat, causing particles to slow down and clump.

Evaporation

The phase change where a liquid turns into a gas by adding heat, causing particles to speed up and spread apart.

Condensation

The phase change where a gas turns into a liquid by removing heat, causing particles to slow down and clump.

Energy

The ability to do work.

Work

Calculated as $\text{force} \times \text{distron}$ and measured in Joules ($J$).

Power

Calculated using the equation $Pe = \frac{w}{t}$ and measured in Watts ($W$).

Potential Energy

Stored energy calculated as $\text{Masse} \times \text{gravity} \times \text{height}$ and measured in Joules ($J$).

Kinetic Energy

Energy of movement calculated as $\frac{1}{2} \times \text{mass} \times \text{velocity}^2$ and measured in Joules ($J$).

Heat

The transfer of energy.

Temperature

A measurement of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance.