decolonization in south africa

dutch colonization 1652

dutch establish cape colony

slavery

white settlement in south africa

british takeover

british seize cape colony in 1800s

great trek

boers/afrikaners migrate inland after british takeover

boer expansion

boers defeat zulu at battle of blood river -. transvaal and orange free state

boer war

british fight boers for control of gold and diamonds

britian wins

south african indpeendence (1910-1931)

gains self government from britain and becoemsf ully independent

apartheid

legal system of racial segregation

nonwhites lose political rights, and and freedom

population registriation act

cornerstone of apartheid system

every citizen had to be classified into a racial group

pass laws

internal passports in south africa to control movement of people of color

had to be carried at all times within white areas

would be arrested without them

homelands/townships

millions of black south africans were relocated

ANC

major anti-apartheid org that initially used nonviolent protest

sharpeville massacre

police kill peaceful protestors

nelson mandela

leader of anc

imprisoned for 27 years

symbol of anti-apartheid movement

soweto township uprising

students protest apartheid education

police open fire

desmond tutu

religious leader and anti-apartheid activist

internation pressure on south africa

sanctions, boycotts

sports bans to isolate south africa and force them to stop apartheid

1994 elections

first multiracial election

mandela becomes first black president

truth and reconciliation comission

investigation of apartheid abuses