Chemistry: KMT and Gas Laws Part 2

Volume to Mass/Particles calculations

• volume of gas is given

• mass/particles of 2nd gas is unknown

• at STP, stoichiometry (start with volume conversion)

Mass/Particles to Volume Particles calculations

• mass/particles amount is given

• volume of 2nd gas is unknown

• at STP, stoichiometry, (end with volume conversion)

ideal gases

• no definite volume

• no mass

• elastic collisions

• no energy involved in collisions; no attractive forces

• high pressure

real gases

• no definite volume

• has mass

• non-elastic collisions

• attracting energy

• low pressure

yes

Can a real gas behave as an ideal gas?

low

When the density of a real gas is ______ enough, “ideal” condition can exist.

lowered

When Real Gas pressure is _______ (free space between particles), there is not a difference between volume of particles and volume of container.

raised

When the Real Gas temperature is ________ (average velocity/speed of particles), particles are moving too fast to interact with other gas molecules. The combination allows the gas molecules to move fast with minimum interactions with other particles.

gas constant

• also known as the universal molar gas constant or ideal gas constant

• a physical constant (numerical value) that appears in an equation

• defines the behavior of a real gas under theoretically ideal conditions

• the symbol is R

enter or leave

When gas can _______ or _______ a container, the number of particles gained or lost affect the volume, temperature, and/or pressure.

PV = nRT

Ideal Gas Law (or Universal Gas Law) formula

the problems will contain either no second pressure, no second volume, or no second temperature; also the word moles or grams will be used in the problem

How do you know when to use the Ideal Gas Law?