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accommodation
Eye adjusts lens for near/far vision
anterior chamber
Space behind cornea, filled with aqueous humor
aqueous humor
Fluid in anterior chamber
biconvex
Curved on both sides (lens shape)
choroid
Vascular middle eye layer
ciliary body
Controls lens shape + produces aqueous humor
cone
Color and sharp central vision receptor
conjunctiva
Membrane covering eye and inner eyelid
cornea
Transparent front layer of eye
fovea centralis
Sharpest vision point in retina
fundus of the eye
Back inner surface of eye
iris
Colored part of eye controlling pupil size
lens
Focuses light onto retina
macula
Retina area for central vision
optic chiasm
Crossing point of optic nerves
optic disc
Blind spot where optic nerve exits retina
optic nerve
Carries visual signals to brain
pupil
Opening in iris for light entry
refraction
Bending of light in eye
retina
Light-sensing layer of eye
rod
Low-light vision receptor
sclera
White outer layer of eye
thalamus
Brain relay station for vision signals
vitreous humor
Gel filling eye behind lens
auditory canal
Channel from pinna to eardrum
auditory meatus
Auditory canal
auditory nerve fibers
Carry impulses from inner ear to brain (CN VIII)
auditory tube
Channel between middle ear and nasopharynx (eustachian tube)
auricle
External ear flap (pinna)
cerumen
Earwax
cochlea
Spiral inner ear structure for hearing
endolymph
Fluid inside inner ear labyrinth
eustachian tube
Connects middle ear to nasopharynx
incus
Middle ear bone (anvil)
labyrinth
Inner ear system (cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals)
malleus
Middle ear bone (hammer)
organ of Corti
Hearing receptor organ in cochlea
ossicle
Small middle ear bone (malleus, incus, stapes)
oval window
Membrane between middle and inner ear
perilymph
Fluid in inner ear labyrinth
pinna
External ear
semicircular canals
Inner ear structures for balance
stapes
Middle ear bone (stirrup)
tympanic membrane
Eardrum
vestibule
Central inner ear cavity for balance