EPHE 160 - General Endocrine System

Lecture Sixteen and Seventeen

Endocrine v. Nervous System

Endocrine:

• control of activities requiring duration>speed → long lasting

Nervous:

• rapid, short-acting and precise responses

Endocrine System Organization

Hormones secreted from endocrine glands travel in blood to exert influence on different tissues

What are the six things controlled by hormone control?

Growth+Development, Metabolism, RBC production, core temp, water+electrolyte balance, Reproduction

Primary Endocrine Organs(10)

Pineal, Hypothalamus, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Thymus, Pituitary(Ant/Pit), Adrenal, Pancreas, Reproductive Glands

Secondary Endocrine Organs(6)

Heart, Stomach, Liver, Kidney, Small Intestine, Skin

Diurnal(Circadian) Rhythms

Secretion rate of hormones fluctuating up and down as a function of time

• caused by endogenous oscillators(set by the CNS)

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Gland Axis

Neural Connection Posterior Pituitary

Neurosecretory cells in the Hypothalamus are stimulated which propagates a signal to the Anterior Pituitary to release hormones into the capillaries

Supraoptic Nucleus

cell that secretes oxytocin

Paraventricular Nucleus

cells that secreate Antidiuretic hormone(ADH)

Hormones of Posterior Pituitary

Antidiuretic Hormone(ADH)

• water balance/osmolarity

• released from paraventricular nucleus

Oxytocin

• released from supraoptic nucleus

• sperm movement, bonding, milk letdown