Cell Organelles

Flashcards for the IB Biology units Biochemistry, Cell Theory and Genetics.

Cell Wall function

protects/maintains shape of the cell; helps regulate what enters and leaves

Capsule

prevents desiccation/ phagocytosis and so stops it from drying out

Plasma Membrane

controls move in/out of the cell; plays role in reproduction

Nucleoid

contains continuous loop of chromosome, Prokaryote DNA storage

Ribosome

site of protein synthesis

Pili

short hairs used to attach bacteria together

Flagella

longer hairs used for mobility (movement)

Cytoplasm

site of all cellular processes allow molecular diffusion

Smooth Endoplasmic Rectulum (SER)

transport of materials through cells without ribosomes

Rough Endoplasmic Rectulum (RER)

site of protein development and transport with ribosomes

Mitochondria

carries out cellular respiration

Golgi Body

stores, modifies and packages proteins

Nucleolus

produces ribosomes

Nucleus

contains cells DNA

Vacuole

stores food, water and waste

Peroxisome

helps catalyze hormonal and enzymatic reaction

Chloraplasts

plants only contains chrophyl and is a photosynthesis engine

Amyloplasts

only plants, starch granules (composed of carbs) are stored here

Lysosomes

contain digestive enzymes (animal only)

Centrioles

aid in nuclear division made of microtubes

Centrosome

forms from basal body and creates spindle fibers during reproduction

Extracellular matrix

Composed of collagen fibers and glycoproteins, forms fiber like strictures which serve cells together