Science reveiw

Observation

What is seen or meausured

Inference

A conclusion based on observation or evidence

Hypothesis

A untested prediction

-A good hypothesis states cause and effect

-Should be testable and falsifiable

-”If-then” statement

Theory

A broad explanation of natural events supported by strong evidence

-Tie together many specific facts, hypotheses and laws

Experimental group

Group being tested

Control group

“Normal” group

Placebo

“Fake” treatment given to a control group

Independent variable

Variable being tested

-Plotted on x—axis

Dependent variable

Variable being meausured

-plotted on y-axis

Rules of graphs

-Numerical scales should take up most of the axis

-Numbers must line up with grid line

-Only line graphs should be used unless specified otherwise

Characteristics of a good experiment

-Can be repeated by anyone and get the same results

-Have a large sample size/many subjects

-Are preformed for longer periods of time

-Test only one independent variable

-Are peer reveiwed

-Does not have to agree with the hypothesis

-Is objective

Most common elements in living things

-Carbon

-Hydrogen

-Oxygen

-Nitrogen

Organic compounds

Have carbon and hydrogen

-Larger than inorganic compound molecules

Carbs

Sugars and starches

-Made from simple sugars

-CHO

-Monosachrides, disaccharides, polypeptides

Uses for carbs

-Quick energy

-”Ose” ending

-Carbon ring shape

Lipids

-Made from fatty acids and glycerol

-CHO

-1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Uses for lipids

-Stored energy

-Makes up cell membranes

Proteins

-Shape specific

-CHON

4 jobs of proteins

-Makes enzymes

-Makes receptor molecules

-Makes antibodies

-Makes hormones

Uses for proteins

Build and repair

Nucleic acids

-CHONP

-Nucleotides

Uses for nucleic acids

-Hereditary material

-Protein synthesis