NOCTI: things to look over

angi/o

blood vessel (arteries, veins, lymph vessels)

neur/o

nerve; nervous system

phleb/o

vein

vas/o

vessel (blood vessel or duct)

hemat/o

blood

thrombus

blood clot that stays in place

embolus

blood clot that travels through the bloodstream

hematoma

localized collection of blood outside blood vessels (bruise)

aneurysm

weakened, bulging area in the wall of a blood vessel

ECG

electrocardiogram (heart electrical activity)

proximal

closer to the trunk or point of origin

distal

farther from the trunk

medial

toward the midline

lateral

away from the midline

superior

above

inferior

below

anterior

front of body

posterior

back of body (dorsal)

supination

palm facing upward

pronation

palm facing downward

flexion

bending a joint (decreases angle)

extension

straightening a joint (increases angle)

thoracic cavity

contains heart and lungs

abdominal cavity

contains stomach, intestines, liver, spleen

pelvic cavity

contains reproductive organs and bladder

cranial cavity

contains brain

spinal cavity

contains spinal cord

peritoneum

membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering abdominal organs

diaphysis

long shaft of a bone

epiphysis

ends of a long bone

marrow

soft tissue inside bone

periosteum

outer covering of bone

heat exhaustion

dizziness, sweating, pale skin from heat exposure; treat with cooling and fluids

heat stroke- No sweating.

enter/o

intestines

hepat/o

liver

nephr/o, ren/o

kidney

oste/o

bone

hemat/o, hem/o

blood

onc/o

tumor/cancer

andr/o

male

-osis

abnormal condition

-pathy

disease

-emia

blood condition

-algia

pain

-megaly

enlargement

-ectomy

surgical removal

-otomy

cutting into

-ostomy

create an opening

-plasty

surgical repair

sub-

under

inter-

between

intra-

within

cephal/o

head

encephal/o

brain

ophthalm/o

eye

ot/o

ear

or/o, stomat/o

mouth

pharyng/o

throat

laryng/o

voice box

trache/o

windpipe

proct/o

rectum/anus

pancreat/o

pancreas

chol/e

bile/gall

cholecyst/o

gallbladder

tendon connect

Muscle to bone

Ligament connect

bone to bone

sprain

injury to a ligament

strain

injury to muscle or tendon

Malpractice

Professional negligence causing harm (often by doctors or lawyers).

Negligence

Failure to use reasonable care, resulting in damage or injury.

Assault

Threat or attempt to cause harm, creating fear of imminent injury.

Battery

Unlawful physical contact or harm to another person.

Invasion of Privacy

Unlawful intrusion into someone's personal life.

False Imprisonment

Unjustly restricting someone's freedom of movement.

Abuse

Physical, emotional, or mental harm inflicted on someone.

Defamation

False statements that harm a person's reputation.

Fowler's position

on back, head elevated (15-90°) - used for breathing, eating, comfort

Sims' position

side-lying (usually left), top leg bent - used for enemas, rectal exams

Supine position

flat on back, face up - used for exams, surgery, CPR

Prone position

flat on stomach, face down - used for certain surgeries, lung support

Lateral position

lying on side - used for comfort, pressure relief, recovery

Trendelenburg position

on back, feet higher than head - used for surgery, increase blood flow to brain (short-term)

Reverse Trendelenburg

head higher than feet - used for reflux, breathing issues

Lithotomy position

on back, legs raised in stirrups - used for childbirth, pelvic exams

Knee-chest position

knees down, chest forward, hips elevated - used for rectal/spinal procedures

diaphragm

Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing

Lacerations

a deep cut or tear in skin or flesh.

Whats in the small intestines

duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

Whats in the large intestines

ecum, appendix, colon, rectum, anus

Which infectious disease resembles the flu

Tuberculosis

When lifting an object bend at your __________ and __________

knees and hips

The most common injury in HCWs

Back injury

Volume of blood in arteries, elasticity, positioning can affect

Blood pressure

The force of blood against artery walls is

Blood pressure

Which type of patient should be placed in Fowler's

Patient with breathing difficulty

Position: patient lying on back

Supine position

Strongest muscles in the body

Masseter muscles

Pressure of blood as heart beats

Systolic pressure

Is the outside of a gown clean or contaminated

Contaminated