paris anthology glossary

What are the different modes?

Single mode
Blended mode
Multimodal

What is single mode?

Texts which are either all written or all spoken

What is blended mode?

Texts which contain elements of both speech and writing

What is multimodal?

Texts which contain written, spoken, audio and visual codes

What to look out for in spoken mode texts?

Crafted speech
Spontaneous speech
Fillers
False starts
Repetition
Interruption and overlapping speech
Slang
Elision
Phatic language
Vague language
Turn-taking
Back-channeling

What is crafted speech?

Planned and structured communication

What is spontaneous speech?

Unplanned and unrehearsed communication

What are fillers?

Fill gaps while speaker thinks of what to say 'er' 'um'

What are false starts?

When speaker starts saying one thing, then changes their mind and says something else

What is repetition?

People repeat words a lot in spontaneous speech?

What is interruption and overlapping speech?

People talking over each other

What is slang?

Informal language

What is elision?

Slurring words together 'gonna' instead of 'going to'

What is phatic language?

Small talk that doesn't have much meaning

What is vague language?

Things like 'sort of' and 'stuff'

What is turn-taking?

Whether turns are equal in conversation or one person is dominating

What is back-channeling?

Showing a speaker that you are following what they are saying