Musculoskeletal System and Trauma Management Review

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to musculoskeletal injuries, treatment protocols, and trauma management to aid in exam preparation.

C. Diff

Clostridium difficile infection, often caused by antibiotics disrupting gut flora.

Probiotics

Live microorganisms that can provide health benefits when consumed, often used to maintain gut health.

Septic arthritis

An infection in the joint, often requiring urgent medical attention.

ESR

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, a blood test that can indicate inflammation in the body.

CRP

C-Reactive Protein, another inflammatory marker used in diagnosing infections and inflammatory diseases.

Functional immobilization

Keeping an injured joint in a stable position to reduce movement and pain.

Neurovascular checks

Assessing circulation, sensation, and motor function in extremities after an injury.

Contusion

A bruise caused by direct trauma to the body, resulting in bleeding under the skin.

Sprain

A ligament injury caused by overstretching or tearing.

Strain

A muscle or tendon injury resulting from overstretching or tearing.

RICE

Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation; a common method for treating sprains and strains.

PRICE

Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation; a variation of RICE focusing on initial protection of the injury.

Dislocation

When a bone is out of its normal joint alignment, often requiring reduction.

Closed reduction

The process of realigning a dislocated joint without surgical intervention.

Open reduction

Surgical procedure to realign bones after a fracture or dislocation.

Avascular necrosis

Bone death due to lack of blood flow, often a risk following joint injuries or dislocations.

Fracture

A break in the continuity of the bone.

Comminuted fracture

A fracture in which the bone breaks into multiple fragments.

Open fracture

A fracture where the bone breaks through the skin, increasing infection risk.

Closed fracture

A fracture where the bone does not break the skin.

Transverse fracture

A fracture line that goes straight across the bone.

Spiral fracture

A fracture that occurs due to a twisting force applied to the bone.

Oblique fracture

A fracture that has an angled pattern across the bone.

Impacted fracture

A fracture where one fragment of bone is driven into another.

Avulsion fracture

A fracture where a fragment of bone is pulled off by a tendon or ligament.

Complete fracture

A fracture that completely breaks the bone into two or more pieces.

Incomplete fracture

A fracture where the bone does not break all the way through.

Greenstick fracture

An incomplete fracture typical in children where one side of the bone bends and the other side fractures.

Hairline fracture

A thin crack in the bone, often difficult to detect.

Fracture blister

Fluid-filled blisters that occur after high-impact fractures, indicating risk of skin breakdown.

Hypovolemic shock

Shock resulting from loss of blood volume, which can occur after severe fractures.

Ortho trauma

Trauma related to the musculoskeletal system, including fractures, dislocations, and soft tissue injuries.

Osteomyelitis

A bone infection that can occur after an open fracture.

Cast

A rigid protective shell applied to immobilize a broken bone during healing.

Traction

A treatment that involves pulling on the bones to help align and stabilize them.

Pain management

The process of providing medical care to reduce pain.

Interdisciplinary collaboration

Teamwork among healthcare professionals from different disciplines to optimize patient care.

Assistive device

A tool used to help patients with mobility or daily activities following an injury.

Antibiotics

Medications used to treat bacterial infections, critical in managing septic arthritis.

Imaging

Tests like MRI or X-rays used to diagnose fractures or internal injuries.

Central line

A catheter placed in a large vein used for prolonged intravenous therapy.

Broad spectrum antibiotics

Antibiotics that target a wide range of bacteria.

Amputation

The surgical removal of a limb or part of a limb.

Steroid use

Use of steroids can weaken bones and increase fracture risk.

Mobility assessment

Evaluating a patient's ability to move safely and effectively post-injury.

Tetanus vaccine

A vaccination given to prevent tetanus, often needed with open fractures.

Bacterial infection

Infections caused by harmful bacteria, requiring antibiotics for treatment.

Acute phase

The initial period following an injury, focusing on immediate care and stabilization.

Chronic phase

The later stage of healing, often involving rehabilitation and gradual return to activities.

Stabilization

The process of securing an injured body part to prevent further injury.

Palliative care

Medical care focused on providing relief from pain and stress, particularly in advanced illnesses.

Prophylactic treatment

Preventative measures taken to reduce the risk of infection or complications.

Fracture healing time

The time required for a broken bone to mend, which can vary based on severity and location.

Patient education

Informing patients about their conditions and self-care post-injury.

Rehabilitation

Therapeutic approach to restore function and mobility post-injury.

External fixation

A surgical device used to stabilize bone fractures from the outside.

Internal fixation

Surgical devices like plates or screws used to hold broken bones together internally.

Non-displaced fracture

A fracture where bone fragments remain in proper alignment.

Displaced fracture

A fracture where the bone fragments have shifted out of alignment.

Isotonic fluids

Fluids with the same osmotic pressure, used to restore blood volume.

Hemodynamically unstable

Condition where blood flow and pressure are insufficient to meet the body's needs.

Shock positioning

Positioning a patient to improve blood circulation in cases of shock.

Management plan

A comprehensive outline of treatments and interventions for patient care.

Complications of fractures

Potential adverse effects that may arise from fractures, such as infection or vascular damage.

Trauma assessment

Evaluation of a patient’s injuries resulting from trauma.

Anesthesia

Medications used to induce a loss of sensation or consciousness during surgery.

Outcomes assessment

Evaluation of recovery and treatment effectiveness after an injury.

Patient follow-up

Ongoing check-ins with a patient to monitor recovery and adjust treatment as needed.

Physical therapy

Rehabilitation involving exercises to restore movement and strength post-injury.

Occupational therapy

Therapy that helps patients regain functional skills for daily living after an injury.

Assistive technologies

Devices that assist individuals with disabilities or injuries in performing daily functions.

Fracture classification

The system of categorizing fractures based on type, location, and complexity.

Chronic pain management

Long-term strategies for alleviating persistent pain after an injury.

Compartment syndrome

A serious condition arising from increased pressure within a muscle compartment.

Malunion

Improper healing of a fracture that leads to misalignment or deformity.

Nonunion

Failure of a fractured bone to heal properly, leading to movement at the fracture site.

Reconstructive surgery

Surgical procedures aimed at restoring the form and function of injured tissues.

Orthopedic surgery

Surgical specialty focusing on repair and maintenance of the musculoskeletal system.

Emergency care

Immediate medical assistance provided in life-threatening situations.

Rehabilitation program

A structured approach to recovery that includes physical and occupational therapies.

Patient safety protocols

Established procedures to ensure patient well-being during medical treatment.

Long-term monitoring

Ongoing assessment of a patient's health and recovery over time.

Cognitive behavioral therapy

A type of therapy that helps individuals develop coping skills for chronic pain.

Surgical intervention

Procedures performed by surgeons to treat injuries or conditions requiring correction.

Immediate medical response

Rapid action taken to address acute medical conditions or injuries.

Return-to-play guidelines

Criteria used to determine when an athlete can safely resume participation in sports.

Health education

Information provided to enhance knowledge and understanding of health issues.

Chiropractic care

Alternative treatment focusing on diagnosing and treating musculoskeletal disorders.

Pain scale evaluation

Assessment tool used to measure a patient’s perception of pain severity.

Trauma recovery plan

A strategic outline aimed at assisting a patient in healing from traumatic injuries.