Urban and Natural Disasters: Rocinha, Curitiba, Tohoku, Soufrière Hills, and Bangladesh

What type of settlement is Rocinha?

Squatter settlement / favela

Why did people migrate to Rocinha?

Search for jobs

Where is Rocinha located?

Hillside in Rio de Janeiro

Name one problem in Rocinha.

Poor sanitation

Why are landslides common?

Steep slopes and heavy rain

What is population density like in Rocinha?

Very high

Name one improvement project in Rocinha.

Pacifying Police Units

Why is housing informal in Rocinha?

Lack of affordable housing

What service is often illegal in Rocinha?

Electricity

What causes crime levels in Rocinha?

Poverty / unemployment

In which country is Curitiba located?

Brazil

What transport system is Curitiba famous for?

Bus Rapid Transit

Why is the BRT system in Curitiba considered sustainable?

Reduces car use

Name one environmental benefit of Curitiba's BRT.

Lower pollution

What happens in the city centre of Curitiba?

Pedestrianisation

What recycling achievement is notable in Curitiba?

High recycling rates

How does planning in Curitiba improve quality of life?

Reduced congestion

Why is Curitiba considered a model city?

Sustainable planning

What does the BRT system in Curitiba reduce?

Traffic congestion

What type of city planning is used in Curitiba?

Sustainable

When did the Tohoku earthquake occur?

2011

What type of plate boundary caused the Tohoku earthquake?

Destructive

Which plate subducts during the Tohoku earthquake?

Pacific Plate

What secondary hazard occurred as a result of the Tohoku earthquake?

Tsunami

Name one primary impact of the Tohoku earthquake.

Buildings destroyed

What nuclear disaster occurred after the Tohoku earthquake?

Fukushima

What was the approximate death toll from the Tohoku earthquake?

About 16,000

Name one response to the Tohoku earthquake.

Emergency shelters

Why was the tsunami from the Tohoku earthquake so destructive?

High wave height

What long-term response was improved after the Tohoku earthquake?

Tsunami warning systems

What type of volcano is Soufrière Hills?

Composite

Which Caribbean island is affected by Soufrière Hills?

Montserrat

What happened to Plymouth due to the Soufrière Hills volcano?

Destroyed

Name one impact of the Soufrière Hills volcano.

Population displacement

Why was farming affected by the Soufrière Hills volcano?

Ash cover

What safety measure was introduced due to the Soufrière Hills volcano?

Exclusion zones

What monitoring equipment is used for Soufrière Hills?

Seismometers

What happened to the airport due to the Soufrière Hills volcano?

Destroyed

Why did people migrate from Montserrat due to the Soufrière Hills volcano?

Safety concerns

Is the Soufrière Hills volcano still active?

Yes

Name one river in Bangladesh.

Ganges / Brahmaputra

What causes monsoon flooding in Bangladesh?

Heavy rainfall

Why is Bangladesh vulnerable to flooding?

Low-lying land

Name one impact of flooding in Bangladesh.

Crop damage

Name one opportunity that flooding provides in Bangladesh.

Fertile soil

What disease risk increases during flooding in Bangladesh?

Cholera

What percentage of land in Bangladesh can flood?

Up to 30%

Why is flooding hard to prevent in Bangladesh?

Scale of rivers

What human factor increases flooding risk in Bangladesh?

Deforestation

How does flooding help farming in Bangladesh?

Deposits alluvium