Number Properties and Algebra Concepts

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to number properties, algebra, geometry, and introductory statistics.

Integer

A whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero.

Rational Number

A number that can be expressed as a ratio of two integers.

Irrational Number

A number that cannot be expressed as a fraction or a terminating or repeating decimal.

PEMDAS

An acronym for Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division (from left to right), Addition and Subtraction (from left to right).

Factor

A positive integer that divides another integer with no remainder.

Multiple

An integer that is the product of a given integer and another integer.

Prime Factorization

The expression of a number as the product of its prime factors.

Relative Primes

Two integers that have no common factors other than 1.

Common Multiple

A number that is a multiple of two or more integers.

Least Common Multiple (LCM)

The smallest common multiple of two or more integers.

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

The largest integer that divides two or more integers without leaving a remainder.

Even Number

An integer that is divisible by 2.

Odd Number

An integer that is not divisible by 2.

Reciprocal

A fraction obtained by switching the numerator and denominator of a number.

Mixed Number

A whole number combined with a fraction.

Improper Fraction

A fraction where the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator.

Percent Formula

Used to find part, whole, or percent: Part = Percent × Whole.

Ratio

A comparison of two quantities, expressed as a fraction or a relationship.

Probability

The measure of the likelihood that an event will occur.

Pythagorean Theorem

In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides.

Area of a Triangle

The area is calculated as (1/2) × base × height.

Circumference of a Circle

The distance around a circle, calculated as 2πr.

Volume of a Cylinder

Calculated as πr²h, where r is the radius and h is the height.

Surface Area of a Rectangular Solid

The total area of the surfaces of a three-dimensional shape.