Virology - Introduction, DNA Virus

a. True

Virus are obligate intracellular parasites.

a. True

b. False

a. True

Virology is the science that deals with the study of viruses.

a. True

b. False

f. All

Virus distinctive features except:

a. Possess a nucleic acid core

b. Unable to replicate on their own

c. Do not divide by binary fission, mitosis, or meiosis

d. Lack the genes and enzymes necessary for energy production

e. Depend on the ribosomes, enzymes, and metabolites of host cells for protein and nucleic acid production

f. All

a. Nucleic acid core

Morphology of virus:

Nucleic acid which is made up of either DNA or RNA but never both.

a. Nucleic acid core

b. Capsid

c. Envelope

b. Capsid

Morphology of virus:

Protein coat made of subunits called capsomeres.

a. Nucleic acid core

b. Capsid

c. Envelope

f. All

Viral geometric symmetry.

a. Icosahedral

b. Helical

c. Complex

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

c. Envelope

Morphology of virus:

Lipoprotein membrane made of lipid derived from the host cell membrane and may consists of spikes.

a. Nucleic acid core

b. Capsid

c. Envelope

b. Virion

A mature viral particle composed of core, capsid, and envelope.

a. Viriod

b. Virion

c. Viraloid

d. Viralion

a. Defective viruses

Atypical virus-like agents:

Composed of viral nucleic acid and proteins but cannot replicate without a helper virus, which provides the missing function, usually have a mutation or a deletion of part of their genetic material.

a. Defective viruses

b. Pseudovirion

c. Viriods

d. Prions

e. Bacteriophages

b. Pseudovirion

Atypical virus-like agents:

Contain host cell DNA instead of viral DNA within the capsid and formed during infection with certain viruses when the host cell DNA is fragmented and pieces of it are incorporated within the capsid protein, can infect cells but they do not replicate .

a. Defective viruses

b. Pseudovirion

c. Viriods

d. Prions

e. Bacteriophages

c. Viriods

Atypical virus-like agents:

Consist solely of a single molecule of circular RNA without a protein coat or envelope, cause several plant diseases but are not implicated in any human diseases.

a. Defective viruses

b. Pseudovirion

c. Viriods

d. Prions

e. Bacteriophages

d. Prions

Atypical virus-like agents:

Infectious particles that are composed solely of proteins with no detectable nucleic acid.

Cause of certain slow diseases called as Mad Cow disease like kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans and scrapie in sheep.

a. Defective viruses

b. Pseudovirion

c. Viriods

d. Prions

e. Bacteriophages

e. Bacteriophages

Atypical virus-like agents:

"phages", viruses infecting bacteria, obligate intracellular pathogens that must enter a bacterial cell to replicate.

a. Defective viruses

b. Pseudovirion

c. Viriods

d. Prions

e. Bacteriophages

d. 21435

Lytic cycle

1- Penetration

2- Attachment

3- Maturation

4- Biosynthesis

5- Lysis

a. 12435

b. 21345

c. 12345

d. 21435

a. Attachment

Lytic cycle:

The phage attaches to the surface of the host.

a. Attachment

b. Penetration

c. Biosynthesis

d. Maturation

e. Lysis

b. Penetration

Lytic cycle:

Through endocytosis, the viral DNA enters the host cell.

a. Attachment

b. Penetration

c. Biosynthesis

d. Maturation

e. Lysis

b. Penetration

Lytic cycle:

Uncoating process wherein the viral genetic material is release inside the cell.

a. Attachment

b. Penetration

c. Biosynthesis

d. Maturation

e. Lysis

c. Biosynthesis

Lytic cycle:

Through reverse transcription, phage DNA replicates and phage proteins are made.

a. Attachment

b. Penetration

c. Biosynthesis

d. Maturation

e. Lysis

d. Maturation

Lytic cycle:

Assembly of the new viral or phage particles.

a. Attachment

b. Penetration

c. Biosynthesis

d. Maturation

e. Lysis

e. Lysis

Lytic cycle:

The cell lyses releasing the newly made phages.

a. Attachment

b. Penetration

c. Biosynthesis

d. Maturation

e. Lysis

f. All

DNA viruses.

a. Generally double stranded

b. Most have icosahedral symmetry

c. Replicate in the nucleus

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

b. Parvovirus

Only single stranded DNA virus.

a. Papilloma virus

b. Parvovirus

c. Poxvirus

d. Hepa DNA virus

e. Herpes virus

c. Pox virus

Only DNA virus with complex symmetry.

a. Papilloma virus

b. Parvovirus

c. Poxvirus

d. Hepa DNA virus

e. Herpes virus

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

DNA Viruses.

I. Parvovirus

II. Papovavirus

III. Adenovirus

IV. Herpes virus

V. Hepa DNA virus

VI. Pox virus

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. II, III, IV, V, VI

d. I, II, III

e. IV, V, VI

e. IV, V, VI

Enveloped DNA Viruses.

I. Parvovirus

II. Papovavirus

III. Adenovirus

IV. Herpes virus

V. Hepa DNA virus

VI. Pox virus

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. II, III, IV, V, VI

d. I, II, III

e. IV, V, VI

d. I, II, III

Naked DNA Viruses.

I. Parvovirus

II. Papovavirus

III. Adenovirus

IV. Herpes virus

V. Hepa DNA virus

VI. Pox virus

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. II, III, IV, V, VI

d. I, II, III

e. IV, V, VI

f. None

True about Parvovirus B19 except:

a. Typical in dogs

b. Causes erythema infectiosum (slapped-cheek syndrome)

c. Causes transient aplastic anemia

d. Causes hydrops fetalis

e. Causes pure red cell aplasia

f. None

a. Parvovirus B19

Causes erythema infectiosum (slapped-cheek syndrome).

a. Parvovirus B19

b. Papovavirus

c. Adenovirus

d. Herpes virus

e. Hepa DNA virus

f. Pox virus

a. Parvovirus B19

Causes transient aplastic anemia.

a. Parvovirus B19

b. Papovavirus

c. Adenovirus

d. Herpes virus

e. Hepa DNA virus

f. Pox virus

a. Parvovirus B19

Causes hydrops fetalis and pure red cell aplasia.

a. Parvovirus B19

b. Papovavirus

c. Adenovirus

d. Herpes virus

e. Hepa DNA virus

f. Pox virus

c. Adenovirus

Causes respiratory tract infections and infantile gastroenteritis (diarrhea).

a. Parvovirus

b. Papovavirus

c. Adenovirus

d. Herpes virus

e. Hepa DNA virus

f. Pox virus

c. Adenovirus

Causes swimming pool conjunctivitis in children and keratoconjunctivitis in adults.

a. Parvovirus

b. Papovavirus

c. Adenovirus

d. Herpes virus

e. Hepa DNA virus

f. Pox virus

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

Herpes viruses.

I. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV 1,2)

II. Varicella Zoster (VZV)

III. Cyclomegalo Virus (CMV)

IV. Eipstein Barr Virus

V. Human Herpes Virus (HHV 6,7,8)

VI. B-virus

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. I, III, IV, V, VI

d. I, II, III, VI

e. I, IV, V, VI

a. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV 1,2)

1) Widespread in human population growing rapidly and highly cytolytic

2) Establish latent infections in nerve cells

3) Treatment include acyclovir, valacyclovir and vidarabine

a. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV 1,2)

b. Varicella Zoster (VZV)

c. Cyclomegalo Virus (CMV)

d. Eipstein Barr Virus

e. Human Herpes Virus (HHV 6,7,8)

f. B-virus

a. HSV 1

Causes:

1) Gingivostomatitis

2) Herpes simplex labialis

3) Keratoconjunctivitis

4) Encephalitis

5) Traumatic herpes

a. HSV 1

b. HSV 2

c. Varicella Zoster Virus

d. Cyclomegalo Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

a. HSV 1

Causes gingivostomatitis, herpes simplex labialis and traumatic herpes.

a. HSV 1

b. HSV 2

c. Varicella Zoster Virus

d. Cyclomegalo Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

a. HSV 1

Causes keratoconjunctivitis (herpitic keratitis) and encephalitis.

a. HSV 1

b. HSV 2

c. Varicella Zoster Virus

d. Cyclomegalo Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

b. HSV 2

Causes genital herpes and neonatal herpes.

a. HSV 1

b. HSV 2

c. Varicella Zoster Virus

d. Cyclomegalo Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

c. Varicella Zoster Virus

Causes chicken pox and shingles.

a. HSV 1

b. HSV 2

c. Varicella Zoster Virus

d. Cyclomegalo Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

a. Varicella virus

Specifically causes chicken pox.

a. Varicella virus

b. Zoster virus

b. Zoster virus

Specifically causes shingles.

a. Varicella virus

b. Zoster virus

e. Acyclovir

DOC for chicken pox.

a. Doxycycline

b. Ritonavir

c. Erlotinib

d. Zidovudine

e. Acyclovir

d. Cyclomegalo Virus

Causes CMV mononucleosis, CMV infections leading to pneumonia, and congenital and perinatal infections like cytomegalic inclusion disease of newborns, CNS defects like hearing loss, CMV retinitis and mental retardation.

a. HSV 1

b. HSV 2

c. Varicella Zoster

d. Cyclomegalo Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

Targets the B-lymphocytes.

a. HSV 1

b. HSV 2

c. Varicella Zoster

d. Cyclomegalo Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

Causes infectious mononucleosis or the "Kissing disease".

a. HSV 1

b. HSV 2

c. Varicella Zoster

d. Cyclomegalo Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

Causes Burkitt's lymphoma, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and Oral hairy leukoplasia.

a. HSV 1

b. HSV 2

c. Varicella Zoster

d. Cyclomegalo Virus

e. Eipstein Barr Virus

a. Kissing disease - caused by EBV.

Infectious mononucleosis.

a. Kissing disease

b. Burkitt's lymphoma

c. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

d. Oral hairy leukoplasia

b. Burkitt's lymphoma - caused by EBV

Tumor of the jaw affecting African children.

a. Kissing disease

b. Burkitt's lymphoma

c. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

d. Oral hairy leukoplasia

c. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma - caused by EBV

Cancer of epithelial cells common among male Chinese people.

a. Kissing disease

b. Burkitt's lymphoma

c. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

d. Oral hairy leukoplasia

d. Oral hairy leukoplasia - caused by EBV

Wart-like growth in tongue of AIDS patients.

a. Kissing disease

b. Burkitt's lymphoma

c. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

d. Oral hairy leukoplasia

a. HHV 6

First recognized in 1986 from peripheral mononuclear cells among patients with lymphoproliferative disorders Roseola infantum (6th disease or exanthem subitum).

a. HHV 6

b. HHV 7

c. HHV 8

d. B-virus

b. HHV 7

Isolated in 1990 from activated T-cells recovered from peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy individuals and causes persistent infections of the salivary glands and Roseola infantum.

a. HHV 6

b. HHV 7

c. HHV 8

d. B-virus

c. HHV 8

Detected in 1994 also known as kaposi-sarcoma -associated herpes virus causing Kaposi's sarcoma.

a. HHV 6

b. HHV 7

c. HHV 8

d. B-virus

e. None

Treatment for HHV 8 causing Kaposi's sarcoma except:

a. Foscarnet

b. Famciclovir

c. Ganciclovir

d. Cidofovir

e. None

d. B-virus

Results from monkey bites causing acute ascending myelitis and encephalomyelitis, treated with acyclovir.

a. HHV 6

b. HHV 7

c. HHV 8

d. B-virus

f. Pox virus

Large complex viruses causing infections that are accompanied by a characteristic rash.

a. Parvovirus

b. Papovavirus

c. Adenovirus

d. Herpes virus

e. Hepa DNA virus

f. Pox virus

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

Pox virus.

I. Variola virus

II. Monkeypox virus

III. Cowpox virus

IV. Buffalopox virus

V. Orf Virus

VI. Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. I, II, III, IV

d. I, II, III

e. V

f. VI

c. I, II, III, IV

Orthopoxviruses.

I. Variola virus

II. Monkeypox virus

III. Cowpox virus

IV. Buffalopox virus

V. Orf Virus

VI. Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. I, II, III, IV

d. I, II, III

e. V

f. VI

e. V - Orf Virus

Parapoxvirus.

I. Variola virus

II. Monkeypox virus

III. Cowpox virus

IV. Buffalopox virus

V. Orf Virus

VI. Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. I, II, III, IV

d. I, II, III

e. V

f. VI

f. VI - Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)

Molluscipoxvirus.

I. Variola virus

II. Monkeypox virus

III. Cowpox virus

IV. Buffalopox virus

V. Orf Virus

VI. Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. I, II, III, IV

d. I, II, III

e. V

f. VI

a. Variola virus

Causes small pox.

a. Variola virus

b. Monkeypox virus

c. Cowpox virus

d. Buffalopox virus

e. Orf Virus

f. Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)

b. Monkeypox virus

Causes human monkeypox infection.

a. Variola virus

b. Monkeypox virus

c. Cowpox virus

d. Buffalopox virus

e. Orf Virus

f. Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)

c. Cowpox virus

Causes hemorrhagic skin lesions (Cowpox infection)

a. Variola virus

b. Monkeypox virus

c. Cowpox virus

d. Buffalopox virus

e. Orf Virus

f. Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)

d. Buffalopox virus

Causes localized fox lesions (Buffalopox infection).

a. Variola virus

b. Monkeypox virus

c. Cowpox virus

d. Buffalopox virus

e. Orf Virus

f. Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)

e. Orf Virus

Causes contagious pustular dermatitis or sore mouth.

a. Variola virus

b. Monkeypox virus

c. Cowpox virus

d. Buffalopox virus

e. Orf Virus

f. Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)

a. I, II, III, IV, V - these names are coded based on the the first recorded person to have such virus.

Papovavirus.

I. Human Papilloma Virus

II. BK Polyoma Virus

III. JC Polyoma Virus

IV. KI and WU Polyoma Virus

V. Merckel cell Polyoma Virus

a. I, II, III, IV, V

b. I, II, III, IV

c. II, III, IV, V

d. I, II, III

e. III, IV, V

a. Human Papilloma Virus

Wart virus causing skin warts, plantar warts (need surgery), flat warts, anogenital warts; also causes cervical cancer.

a. Human Papilloma Virus

b. BK Polyoma Virus

c. JC Polyoma Virus

d. KI and WU Polyoma Virus

e. Merckel cell Polyoma Virus

e. None

Treatment for Human Papilloma Virus except:

a. Silver nitrate

b. Podophyllum resin

c. Cashew ointment

d. Laser

e. None

b. BK Polyoma Virus

Hemorrhagic cystitis associated with nephropathy.

a. Human Papilloma Virus

b. BK Polyoma Virus

c. JC Polyoma Virus

d. KI and WU Polyoma Virus

e. Merckel cell Polyoma Virus

c. JC Polyoma Virus

Causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

a. Human Papilloma Virus

b. BK Polyoma Virus

c. JC Polyoma Virus

d. KI and WU Polyoma Virus

e. Merckel cell Polyoma Virus

d. KI and WU Polyoma Virus

Causes respiratory infections.

a. Human Papilloma Virus

b. BK Polyoma Virus

c. JC Polyoma Virus

d. KI and WU Polyoma Virus

e. Merckel cell Polyoma Virus

e. Merckel cell Polyoma Virus

Causes Merkel cell carcinoma.

a. Human Papilloma Virus

b. BK Polyoma Virus

c. JC Polyoma Virus

d. KI and WU Polyoma Virus

e. Merckel cell Polyoma Virus

a. HAV

Hepatitis Viruses:

Infectious hepatitis.

a. HAV

b. HBV

c. HCV

d. HDV

e. HEV

e. HEV

Hepatitis Viruses:

Enteric hepatitis.

a. HAV

b. HBV

c. HCV

d. HDV

e. HEV

b. HBV

Hepatitis Viruses:

Serum hepatitis.

a. HAV

b. HBV

c. HCV

d. HDV

e. HEV

d. HDV

Hepatitis Viruses:

Hepatitis D

a. HAV

b. HBV

c. HCV

d. HDV

e. HEV

c. HCV

Hepatitis Viruses:

Post-transfusion hepatitis.

a. HAV

b. HBV

c. HCV

d. HDV

e. HEV