JLPT N5 Examination and Language Fundamentals

Comprehensive vocabulary review for JLPT N5 covering essential particles, numerical counters, common adjectives, question words, and key kanji characters.

は (wa)

Follows the topic of a sentence; used in the structure [ A ] wa [ B ] desu meaning [ A ] is [ B ].

が (ga)

Marks the grammatical subject of a sentence.

を (o)

Marks the grammatical object of a sentence; follows the structure Noun + o + verb.

に (ni)

Marks a destination, direction, or a point in time.

で (de)

Indicates the location of an action.

の (no)

Indicates possession in the structure Object 1 + no + Object 2.

と (to)

Used to join nouns together into an exhaustive list.

一つ (hitotsu)

The numerical counter for $1$ item.

二つ (futatsu)

The numerical counter for $2$ items.

三つ (mitsu)

The numerical counter for $3$ items.

四つ (yottsu)

The numerical counter for $4$ items.

五つ (itsutsu)

The numerical counter for $5$ items.

六つ (muttsu)

The numerical counter for $6$ items.

七つ (nanatsu)

The numerical counter for $7$ items.

八つ (yattsu)

The numerical counter for $8$ items.

九つ (kokonotsu)

The numerical counter for $9$ items.

十 (to)

The numerical counter for $10$ items.

いくつですか (Ikutsu desu ka)

A question meaning 'How many?'

いい (ii)

An adjective meaning good.

大きい (ookii)

An adjective meaning big or large.

小さい (chiisai)

An adjective meaning small.

悪い (warui)

An adjective meaning bad.

すごい (sugoi)

An adjective meaning great or amazing.

新しい (atarashii)

An adjective meaning new.

古い (furui)

An adjective meaning old.

近い (chikai)

An adjective meaning near.

遠い (tooi)

An adjective meaning far.

速い, 早い (hayai)

An adjective meaning fast or early.

遅い (osoi)

An adjective meaning slow or late.

高い (takai)

An adjective meaning high or expensive.

低い (hikui)

An adjective meaning low.

安い (yasui)

An adjective meaning cheap or inexpensive.

どう？ (dō?)

A question word meaning how?

どっち？ (docchi?)

A question word meaning which?

だれ？ (dare?)

A question word meaning who?

なに？ (nani?)

A question word meaning what?

どうして？ (dōshite?)

A question word meaning why?

どこ？ (doko?)

A question word meaning where?

いくら？ (ikura?)

A question word meaning how much?

いつ？ (itsu?)

A question word meaning when?

おすすめは？ (Osusume wa?)

A phrase meaning 'What do you recommend?'

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百

Kanji for hundred.

千

Kanji for thousand.

万

Kanji for ten thousand.

上

Kanji for up.

下

Kanji for down.

中

Kanji for inside.

人

Kanji for person.

休

Kanji for rest.

円

Kanji for yen.

学

Kanji for learning.

本

Kanji for book.

電

Kanji for electricity.