HTML

What is a "Replaced Element"?

Elements img like or iframe where the content is an external file replaced by the browser.

What is UTF-8?

A character encoding that allows the display of almost all characters from all human languages.

What does SEO stand for?

Search Engine Optimization (making your site rank higher in search results).

What are the 3 tags for a Description List?

<dl>(list), <dt>(term), and

<dd>(description/details).

Which tag represents a date or time?

The <time> element.

Which tag is used for inline code?

The <code> tag

How do you move "up" a folder in a path?

Use ../ (Double dot, forward slash).

How do you open a link in a new tab?

Add the attribute target="_blank".

What are <fieldset> and <legend>?

<fieldset> groups related inputs; <legend> provides the caption for that group.

What is the difference between size and minlength?

size is visual width; minlength is a rule for how many characters must be typed.

How do you make a table cell span 3 columns?

Use the attribute colspan="3".

What tag is used for self-contained content?

The <article> tag.

HTML Validator

A tool that checks if HTML syntax is valid and follows rules.

POUR (WCAG)

The 4 principles: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, Robust.

Accessibility Auditing Tools

Google Lighthouse, Wave, IBM Equal Accessibility Checker, and axe DevTools.

Screen Readers

Software that reads screen content out loud for blind or visually impaired users.

Table Accessibility Tag

(defines header cells so screen readers understand the structure).

Audio/Video Accessibility

Provide captions/transcripts (hearing) and audio descriptions (visual).

WAI-ARIA

Web Accessibility Initiative - Accessible Rich Internet Applications.

tabindex rules

Use only 0 (focusable) or -1 (hidden from keyboard). Never use > 0.

accesskey attribute

Defines a keyboard shortcut for a specific element.

aria-label vs aria-labelledby

aria-label defines the name directly; aria-labelledby references existing text by its ID.

aria-hidden="true"

Hides an element (like a decorative icon) from screen readers.

aria-describedby

Associates an element with another element that provides extra description.

DOM Inspector

A tool to inspect and modify the HTML structure of a webpage in the browser.

DevTools

A set of browser tools used to debug, profile, and analyze web pages.

Voice Recognition

Allows users with mobility impairments to control the computer via voice.

Alternative Pointing Devices

Joysticks, trackballs, and touchpads for those with mobility issues.

Meaningful Link Text

Avoid "Click Here"; use descriptive text so screen reader users know the destination.

Logical Heading Structure

Using h1-h6 in order helps assistive technology understand page structure.

Alt Text

Provides a text alternative for images for screen reader users.

ARIA Roles

Predefined roles (like role="alert" or "menu") that define an element's purpose.