PSY201 Quiz 3

Phycosis

State in which a person loses contact with reality

psychophrenia

Daily functioning deteriorated as a result of unusual perceptions, odd thoughts,disturbed emotions, motor abnormalities

positive symptoms of schizophrenia

Delusions, disorganization of thoughts/speech, hallucinations, inappropriate affect

Delusions

Beliefs with no basis in fact

Hallucinations

sensory experiences that occur in the absence of real stimuli

negative symptoms of schizophrenia

poverty of speech, blunted and flat affect, loss of volition, social withdrawal

Schizophrenia prevalence

1%

Persecution delusion

Someone is trying to harm the individual or loved ones

Grandeur delusion

Exaggerated views of one's importance

Somatic delusion

Preoccupation with one's body

Nihilism delusion

Everyone is nonexistent

Reference delusion

One is being tagged by others or events

Thoughts of broadcasting delusion

One's thoughts are broadcast to others

Thought insertion delusion

Outside thoughts are being inserted in one's mind

How common is catatonia in schizophrenia?

10%

What percent of schizophrenic fully recover vs have residual symptoms?

-1/4 fully recover
-3/4 have residual symptoms

What are the positive predictors of a full recovery?

-Good premorbid functioning
-disorder was triggered by stress
-abrupt onset
-later onset
-early treatment

Type I schizophrenia (excess)

-Dominated by positive symptoms
-More responsive to treatment

Type II schizophrenia (deficit)

Dominated by negative symptoms

Dopamine hypothesis

Messages traveling from dopamine-sending neurons to dopamine receptors, particularly D-2 receptors may be transmitted too easily if to often

Three areas of emphasis within the sociocultural view of schizophrenia

-multicultural factors
-social labeling
-family dysfunction

Milieu therapy

Social climate that promotes productive activity, self-respect, individual responsibility

Token economy

Systematic use operant conditioning techniques to change patient behavior not rewarded for unacceptable behavior

first generation antipsychotics mechanism of action

Neuroleptic drugs

First generation antipsychotics symptoms improve most

Positive symptoms

First gen antipsychotics side effects

-Parkinsonism
-neuroleptic malignant syndrome
-tardive dyskinesia

Second-gen mechanisms of action

-received a few dopamine D2 receptors, more D1, D4 and serotonin receptors than the others
-often more effective than first gen

Second-gen symptoms improve most

-weight gain
-dizziness
-high blood sugar
-cardio changes

Second-gen most common side affect

-agranulocytosis
-weight gain
-dizziness
-high blood sugar
-Cardo changes

CB used to treat schizophrenia

-operant conditioning
-misinterpreting usual sensations

Social therapy used to treat schizophrenia

-multicultural
-social labeling
-family dysfunction

Family therapies used to treat schizophrenia

High level of stress with both the patient and the family

Community care of patients with schizophrenia

-coordinated services
-short term hospitalization
-partial hospitalization
-occupational training and support

Problems with community care

-Poor coordination of services
-Shortage of services

Difference between PDs and personality characteristics

-PD: an enduring rigid pattern of inner experience and outward behavior that leads significant problems and psychological pain for self and others
-traits: particular, predictable, flexible characteristics

PD prevalence

11%

Cluster A

paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal

Cluster B

antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic

Cluster C

avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive

Hard to treat disorders

Personality disorders, schizophrenia, paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal, borderline